Genome Streamlining in a Cosmopolitan Oceanic Bacterium

The SAR11 clade consists of very small, heterotrophic marine [alpha]-proteobacteria that are found throughout the oceans, where they account for about 25% of all microbial cells. Pelagibacter ubique, the first cultured member of this clade, has the smallest genome and encodes the smallest number of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2005-08, Vol.309 (5738), p.1242-1245
Main Authors: Giovannoni, Stephen J, Tripp, H. James, Givan, Scott, Podar, Mircea, Vergin, Kevin L, Baptista, Damon, Bibbs, Lisa, Eads, Jonathan, Richardson, Toby H, Noordewier, Michiel, Rappé, Michael S, Short, Jay M, Carrington, James C, Mathur, Eric J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alphaproteobacteria - classification
Alphaproteobacteria - genetics
Alphaproteobacteria - isolation & purification
Alphaproteobacteria - physiology
Amino acids
Archaea
Bacteria
Bacterial Proteins - genetics
Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
Bacteriology
Base Composition
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Evolution
Biosynthesis
Carbon - metabolism
Chemical synthesis
Computational Biology
DNA
DNA, Bacterial - chemistry
DNA, Bacterial - genetics
DNA, Intergenic
Enzymes
Evolution
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
Genes, Bacterial
Genetics
Genome, Bacterial
Genomes
Genomics
Marine
Membrane Transport Proteins - genetics
Membrane Transport Proteins - metabolism
Metabolism
Microbiology
Microorganisms
Molecular Sequence Data
Oceans
Oceans and Seas
Organic Chemistry
Phosphates - metabolism
Phylogeny
Sea water
Seawater - microbiology
Selection, Genetic
Sigma Factor - genetics
Thymidylate Synthase - genetics
Varieties
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Summary:The SAR11 clade consists of very small, heterotrophic marine [alpha]-proteobacteria that are found throughout the oceans, where they account for about 25% of all microbial cells. Pelagibacter ubique, the first cultured member of this clade, has the smallest genome and encodes the smallest number of predicted open reading frames known for a free-living microorganism. In contrast to parasitic bacteria and archaea with small genomes, P. ubique has complete biosynthetic pathways for all 20 amino acids and all but a few cofactors. P. ubique has no pseudogenes, introns, transposons, extrachromosomal elements, or inteins; few paralogs; and the shortest intergenic spacers yet observed for any cell.
ISSN:0036-8075
1095-9203
DOI:10.1126/science.1114057