Abnormally Increased Endothelin-1 in Plasma During the Night in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Relation to Blood Pressure and Severity of Disease

The mechanisms involved in development and maintenance of hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are not clarified. We hypothesize that patients with OSA have an abnormal nocturnal level of some vasoactive hormones during the night. We studied 32 patients with OSA and 19 healthy control subje...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of hypertension 2007, Vol.20 (1), p.44-52
Main Authors: Gjørup, Pia Holland, Sadauskiene, Laima, Wessels, Jost, Nyvad, Ole, Strunge, B., Pedersen, Erling Bjerregaard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
aldosterone
Aldosterone - blood
angiotensin II
Angiotensin II - blood
Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use
Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension
Biological and medical sciences
Blood and lymphatic vessels
Blood Pressure - physiology
Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
Cardiology. Vascular system
Case-Control Studies
Clinical manifestations. Epidemiology. Investigative techniques. Etiology
endothelin
Endothelin-1 - blood
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heart Rate - physiology
Hemodynamics. Rheology
Humans
hypertension
Hypertension - drug therapy
Hypertension - etiology
Hypertension - physiopathology
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Obstructive sleep apnea
Oxygen - blood
Renin - blood
rennin
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - blood
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive - complications
Vertebrates: cardiovascular system
Citations: Items that cite this one
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Summary:The mechanisms involved in development and maintenance of hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are not clarified. We hypothesize that patients with OSA have an abnormal nocturnal level of some vasoactive hormones during the night. We studied 32 patients with OSA and 19 healthy control subjects during The night-time with serial determinations of endothelin-1 (ENDO-1), angiotensin II (Ang II), renin (PRC), aldosterone (ALDO) in plasma, and blood pressure (BP), and oxygen saturation. Patients with OSA had a higher plasma level of ENDO than healthy controls and the mean nocturnal level of ENDO correlated significantly to the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) as a measure of the severity of OSA. This correlation remained statistically significant after analysis in a general linear model with correction for confounders. Patients with OSA also had a significantly higher BP than healthy controls and the ambulatory BP correlated positively to the AHI in patients with OSA. No significant differences were measured in Ang II, PRC, and ALDO between the two groups. The correlation between AHI and ENDO supports OSA as a stimulus of endothelin release or increased endothelin levels contributing to the severity of OSA. Endothelin seems to be a pathogenic factor in generating hypertension in OSA.
ISSN:0895-7061
1879-1905
1941-7225
DOI:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2006.05.021