Diabetes-associated macrovasculopathy: pathophysiology and pathogenesis

The complications associated with diabetic vasculopathy are commonly grouped into two categories: microvascular and macrovascular complications. In diabetes, macrovascular disease is the commonest cause of mortality and morbidity and is responsible for high incidence of vascular diseases such as str...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetes, obesity & metabolism obesity & metabolism, 2007-11, Vol.9 (6), p.767-780
Main Authors: Rahman, Sayeeda, Rahman, Tahminur, Ismail, Aziz Al-Shafi, Rashid, Abdul Rahman A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Blood Vessels - pathology
diabetes
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - pathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - therapy
Diabetic Angiopathies - etiology
Diabetic Angiopathies - pathology
Diabetic Angiopathies - therapy
diabetic vasculopathy
Female
Humans
Insulin Resistance - physiology
macrovasculopathy
Male
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Summary:The complications associated with diabetic vasculopathy are commonly grouped into two categories: microvascular and macrovascular complications. In diabetes, macrovascular disease is the commonest cause of mortality and morbidity and is responsible for high incidence of vascular diseases such as stroke, myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular diseases. Macrovascular diseases are traditionally thought of as due to underlying obstructive atherosclerotic diseases affecting major arteries. Pathological changes of major blood vessels leading to functional and structural abnormalities in diabetic vessels include endothelial dysfunction, reduced vascular compliance and atherosclerosis. Besides, advanced glycation end product formation interacts with specific receptors that lead to overexpression of a range of cytokines. Haemodynamic pathways are activated in diabetes and are possibly amplified by concomitant systemic hypertension. Apart from these, hyperglycaemia, non-enzymatic glycosylation, lipid modulation, alteration of vasculature and growth factors activation contribute to development of diabetic vasculopathy. This review focuses on pathophysiology and pathogenesis of diabetes-associated macrovasculopathy.
ISSN:1462-8902
1463-1326
DOI:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00655.x