Skull base approaches in the pediatric population

Background. This study aimed to examine the surgical, oncologic, and developmental results of infants and children undergoing extirpation of skull base tumors. Methods. Sixty‐seven children aged 0.5 to 18 years (mean, 11 years) who were operated on during a 6‐year period made up the study cohort. Ei...

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Published in:Head & neck 2005-08, Vol.27 (8), p.682-689
Main Authors: Gil, Ziv, Constantini, Shlomo, Spektor, Sergey, Abergel, Avraham, Khafif, Avi, Beni-Adani, Liana, Leonor, Trejo-Leider, DeRowe, Ari, Fliss, Dan M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - surgery
Child
Child, Preschool
children
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Infant
Male
malignant tumors
Medical sciences
nasal cavity
Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology
paranasal sinuses
Retrospective Studies
skull base
Skull Base - surgery
Skull Base Neoplasms - mortality
Skull Base Neoplasms - surgery
subcranial approach
Survival Rate
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Background. This study aimed to examine the surgical, oncologic, and developmental results of infants and children undergoing extirpation of skull base tumors. Methods. Sixty‐seven children aged 0.5 to 18 years (mean, 11 years) who were operated on during a 6‐year period made up the study cohort. Eighteen cases (27%) involved malignant tumors, and 49 (73%) involved benign tumors. The most common benign tumors were craniopharyngioma (n = 10) and juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (n = 8). The most common malignant tumor was sarcoma (n = 5). Thirty‐six tumors (55%) involved the anterior skull base, and the rest involved the lateral (n = 24) and posterior (n = 7) skull base. Subcranial, transfacial, and subfrontal approaches were used for extirpation of anterior skull base tumors. Voluminous or malignant tumors were excised by use of combined approaches (subcranial‐transfacial, subcranial‐degloving, or pterional‐degloving). Twenty‐two children underwent adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, radiation, or both). Postoperative follow‐up was 3 to 60 months. Results. No severe postoperative complications (ie, meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid leak, tension pneumocephalus) and no perioperative mortality occurred. Two and a half years later, 54 of the children (80%) are alive and well. Five children, two with optic glioma and one each with squamous cell carcinoma, ependymoma, and germinoma, have died of their disease. The subcranial approach had no cosmetic impact on the craniofacial development of the patients. Conclusion. The extirpation of skull base tumors by use of conventional surgical techniques is feasible and safe among infants and children. The complication and mortality rates are lower than those in adults. The long‐term cosmetic effect of the subcranial approach is negligible. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 27: XXX–XXX, 2005
ISSN:1043-3074
1097-0347
DOI:10.1002/hed.20226