Oxalate contributes to the resistance of Gaillardia grandiflora and Lupinus sericeus to a phytotoxin produced by Centaurea maculosa

Centaurea maculosa Lam. is a noxious weed in western North America that produces a phytotoxin, (±)-catechin, which is thought to contribute to its invasiveness. Areas invaded by C. maculosa often result in monocultures of the weed, however; in some areas, North American natives stand their ground ag...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Planta 2006-03, Vol.223 (4), p.785-795
Main Authors: Weir, Tiffany L., Bais, Harsh Pal, Stull, Valerie J., Callaway, Ragan M., Thelen, Giles C., Ridenour, Wendy M., Bhamidi, Suresh, Stermitz, Frank R., Vivanco, Jorge M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Asteraceae - drug effects
Asteraceae - metabolism
Biological and medical sciences
Catechin - biosynthesis
Catechin - pharmacology
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics and breeding of economic plants
Herbivores
Lipids
Lupinus - drug effects
Lupinus - metabolism
Mass Spectrometry
Organic acids
Oxalates
Oxalates - metabolism
Oxalates - pharmacology
Pest resistance
Plant pathogens
Plant roots
Plant Roots - metabolism
Plants
Root exudates
Secretion
Seedlings
Soil samples
Toxins, Biological - biosynthesis
Toxins, Biological - pharmacology
Varietal selection. Specialized plant breeding, plant breeding aims
Weeds
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Summary:Centaurea maculosa Lam. is a noxious weed in western North America that produces a phytotoxin, (±)-catechin, which is thought to contribute to its invasiveness. Areas invaded by C. maculosa often result in monocultures of the weed, however; in some areas, North American natives stand their ground against C. maculosa and show varying degrees of resistance to its phytotoxin. Two of these resistant native species, Lupinus sericeus Pursh and Gaillardia grandiflora Van Houtte, were found to secrete increased amounts of oxalate in response to catechin exposure. Mechanistically, we found that oxalate works exogenously by blocking generation of reactive oxygen species in susceptible plants and reducing oxidative damage generated in response to catechin. Furthermore, field experiments show that L. sericeus indirectly facilitates native grasses in grasslands invaded by C. maculosa, and this facilitation can be correlated with the presence of oxalate in soil. Addition of exogenous oxalate to native grasses and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh grown in vitro alleviated the phytotoxic effects of catechin, supporting the field experiments and suggesting that root-secreted oxalate may also act as a chemical facilitator for plant species that do not secrete the compound.
ISSN:0032-0935
1432-2048
DOI:10.1007/s00425-005-0192-x