Adult neurogenesis in the mammalian central nervous system

Forty years since the initial discovery of neurogenesis in the postnatal rat hippocampus, investigators have now firmly established that active neurogenesis from neural progenitors continues throughout life in discrete regions of the central nervous systems (CNS) of all mammals, including humans. Si...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annual review of neuroscience 2005-01, Vol.28 (1), p.223-250
Main Authors: MING, Guo-Li, HONGJUN SONG
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biomarkers - metabolism
Brain Diseases - classification
Brain Diseases - physiopathology
Cell Cycle - physiology
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cell Movement
Cell Proliferation
Central Nervous System - cytology
Central Nervous System - physiology
Development. Senescence. Regeneration. Transplantation
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Mammals
Models, Neurological
Nervous system
Neurology
Neuronal Plasticity - physiology
Neurons - physiology
Stem cells
Stem Cells - physiology
Synapses - physiology
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
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Summary:Forty years since the initial discovery of neurogenesis in the postnatal rat hippocampus, investigators have now firmly established that active neurogenesis from neural progenitors continues throughout life in discrete regions of the central nervous systems (CNS) of all mammals, including humans. Significant progress has been made over the past few years in understanding the developmental process and regulation of adult neurogenesis, including proliferation, fate specification, neuronal maturation, targeting, and synaptic integration of the newborn neurons. The function of this evolutionarily conserved phenomenon, however, remains elusive in mammals. Adult neurogenesis represents a striking example of structural plasticity in the mature CNS environment. Advances in our understanding of adult neurogenesis will not only shed light on the basic principles of adult plasticity, but also may lead to strategies for cell replacement therapy after injury or degenerative neurological diseases.
ISSN:0147-006X
1545-4126
DOI:10.1146/annurev.neuro.28.051804.101459