Clinical patterns of cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections

Summary Background  Cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections result from external inoculation, spread of a deeper infection, or haematogenous spread of a disseminated infection. There are two species‐specific infections (fish‐tank or swimming‐pool granuloma, due to Mycobacterium marinum, an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of dermatology (1951) 2005-04, Vol.152 (4), p.727-734
Main Authors: Bartralot, R., García-Patos, V., Sitjas, D., Rodríguez-Cano, L., Mollet, J., Martín-Casabona, N., Coll, P., Castells, A., Pujol, R.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abscess - immunology
Abscess - microbiology
Abscess - pathology
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Bacterial diseases
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Child, Preschool
clinical patterns
cutaneous infections
Dermatology
Female
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Immune Tolerance - immunology
Infectious diseases
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Mycobacterium Infections - immunology
Mycobacterium Infections - microbiology
Mycobacterium Infections - pathology
nontuberculous mycobacteria
Retrospective Studies
Skin Diseases, Bacterial - immunology
Skin Diseases, Bacterial - microbiology
Skin Diseases, Bacterial - pathology
Skin Ulcer - immunology
Skin Ulcer - microbiology
Skin Ulcer - pathology
Tuberculosis and atypical mycobacterial infections
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Summary:Summary Background  Cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections result from external inoculation, spread of a deeper infection, or haematogenous spread of a disseminated infection. There are two species‐specific infections (fish‐tank or swimming‐pool granuloma, due to Mycobacterium marinum, and Buruli ulcer, caused by M. ulcerans). Most infections, however, produce a nonspecific clinical picture. Objectives  To define clinical patterns of cutaneous disease in nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. Methods  Fifty‐one patients with cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections were reviewed. Clinical and histopathological features of normal hosts and immunosuppressed patients were compared. Two subgroups of immunosuppressed patients were distinguished: patients with cutaneous infection and patients with a disseminated infection and cutaneous involvement. Results  In immunosuppressed patients the number of lesions was significantly higher. Abscesses and ulceration were also more frequently observed. Different species were found in normal hosts and immunosuppressed patients. Several clinical patterns of cutaneous infection were defined: lymphocutaneous or sporotrichoid lesions; nonlymphocutaneous lesions at the site of trauma; folliculitis and furunculosis involving the lower extremities; disseminated lesions on the extremities in immunosuppressed patients. Two patterns were observed in patients with a disseminated infection: localized cutaneous lesions and disseminated cutaneous and mucosal lesions. Conclusions  Cutaneous manifestations of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections may be classified according to criteria such as cutaneous lesions and immune status.
ISSN:0007-0963
1365-2133
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06519.x