Genetic variation in the sand fly salivary protein, SP-15, a potential vaccine candidate against Leishmania major

SP‐15 is a sandfly salivary protein that provides strong protection against cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania major, and has been proposed as a potential vaccine against this disease. To investigate possible antigenic variation in this protein, we examined genetic polymorphism of SP‐15 i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Insect molecular biology 2005-04, Vol.14 (2), p.145-150
Main Authors: Elnaiem, D.E.A, Meneses, C, Slotman, M, Lanzaro, G.C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
amino acid sequences
amino acid substitution
Animals
antigenic variation
Base Sequence
cutaneous leishmaniasis
Diptera - genetics
DNA Primers
genetic polymorphism
Genetic Variation
insect proteins
Insect Vectors - genetics
Leishmania major
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis - genetics
Leishmaniasis - prevention & control
Middle East
Molecular Sequence Data
nucleotide sequences
Phlebotomus papatasi
Protozoan Vaccines - genetics
Psychodidae
saliva
Salivary Proteins and Peptides - genetics
sandflies
Selection, Genetic
Sequence Analysis, DNA
SP-15
vaccine development
vaccines
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Summary:SP‐15 is a sandfly salivary protein that provides strong protection against cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania major, and has been proposed as a potential vaccine against this disease. To investigate possible antigenic variation in this protein, we examined genetic polymorphism of SP‐15 in 100 Phlebotomus papatasi sandflies, from a natural population from Sudan and four laboratory colonies from Egypt, Jordan, Israel and Saudi Arabia. We found that although many variants of SP‐15 may be found in nature, differences among them are minimal (mean ± SD pairwise differences = 1.69 ± 0.83% for forty nucleotide sequences and 3.06 ± 1.13% for thirty amino acid sequence variants). Analysis of proportions of synonymous and non‐synonymous substitutions indicated that SP‐15 is not under diversifying selection. Our results suggest that a vaccine based on SP‐15 protein should result in a uniform immune response.
ISSN:0962-1075
1365-2583
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.2004.00539.x