Focal laser-lesions activate an endogenous population of neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult visual cortex

CNS lesions stimulate adult neurogenic niches. Endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells represent a potential resource for CNS regeneration. Here, we investigate the response to unilateral focal laser-lesions applied to the visual cortex of juvenile rats. Within 3 days post-lesion, an ipsilateral inc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain (London, England : 1878) England : 1878), 2009-08, Vol.132 (8), p.2252-2264
Main Authors: Sirko, Swetlana, Neitz, Angela, Mittmann, Thomas, Horvat-Bröcker, Andrea, Holst, Alexander von, Eysel, Ulf T., Faissner, Andreas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
brain lesions
Cell Proliferation
Cells, Cultured
cortical reorganisation
Development. Senescence. Regeneration. Transplantation
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Laser Therapy - methods
Medical sciences
Multipotent Stem Cells - pathology
Nerve Regeneration - physiology
neural plasticity
neural repair
Neurogenesis - physiology
Neurology
Neuronal Plasticity - physiology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
stem cells
Stem Cells - physiology
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
Visual Cortex - pathology
Visual Cortex - physiology
Visual Cortex - surgery
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Summary:CNS lesions stimulate adult neurogenic niches. Endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells represent a potential resource for CNS regeneration. Here, we investigate the response to unilateral focal laser-lesions applied to the visual cortex of juvenile rats. Within 3 days post-lesion, an ipsilateral increase of actively cycling cells was observed in cortical layer one and in the callosal white matter within the lesion penumbra. The cells expressed the neural stem/progenitor cell marker Nestin and the 473HD-epitope. Tissue prepared from the lesion area by micro-dissection generated self-renewing, multipotent neurospheres, while cells from the contralateral visual cortex did not. The newly formed neural stem/progenitor cells in the lesion zone might support neurogenesis, as suggested by the expression of Pax6 and Doublecortin, a marker of newborn neurons. We propose that focal laser-lesions may induce the emergence of stem/progenitor cells with neurogenic potential. This could underlie the beneficial effects of laser application in neurosurgery.
ISSN:0006-8950
1460-2156
DOI:10.1093/brain/awp043