Consumption of trans fatty acids in related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction

Trans fatty acid intake has been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The relation is explained only partially by the adverse effect of these fatty acids on the lipid profile. We examined whether trans fatty acid intake could also affect biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutrition 2005-03, Vol.135 (3), p.562-566
Main Authors: Lopez-Garcia, E, Schulze, M.B, Meigs, J.B, Manson, J.E, Rifai, N, Stampfer, M.J, Willett, W.C, Hu, F.B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adults
Biological and medical sciences
biomarkers
Biomarkers - blood
blood chemistry
C-reactive protein
C-Reactive Protein - metabolism
cell adhesion molecules
Cohort Studies
Dietary Fats
E-selectin
E-Selectin - blood
endothelium
Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects
Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology
Energy Intake
fat intake
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
inflammation
Inflammation - blood
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood
interleukin-6
Interleukin-6 - blood
receptors
Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II - blood
trans fatty acids
Trans Fatty Acids - pharmacology
tumor necrosis factors
Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
women
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Summary:Trans fatty acid intake has been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. The relation is explained only partially by the adverse effect of these fatty acids on the lipid profile. We examined whether trans fatty acid intake could also affect biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR-2), E-selectin, and soluble cell adhesion molecules (sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1). We conducted a cross-sectional study of 730 women from the Nurses' Health Study I cohort, aged 43-69 y, free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes at time of blood draw (1989-1990). Dietary intake was assessed by a validated FFQ in 1986 and 1990. CRP levels were 73% higher among those in the highest quintile of trans fat intake, compared with the lowest quintile. IL-6 levels were 17% higher, sTNFR-2 5%, E-selectin 20%, sICAM-1 10%, and sVCAM-1 levels 10% higher. Trans fatty acid intake was positively related to plasma concentration of CRP (P = 0.009), sTNFR-2 (P = 0.002), E-selectin (P = 0.003), sICAM-1 (P = 0.007), and sVCAM-1 (P = 0.001) in linear regression models after controlling for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, intake of monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated fatty acids, and postmenopausal hormone therapy. In conclusion, this study suggests that higher intake of trans fatty acids could adversely affect endothelial function, which might partially explain why the positive relation between trans fat and cardiovascular risk is greater than one would predict based solely on its adverse effects on lipids.
ISSN:0022-3166
1541-6100
DOI:10.1093/jn/135.3.562