The effect of resistance training combined with timed ingestion of protein on muscle fiber size and muscle strength

Acute muscle protein metabolism is modulated not only by resistance exercise but also by amino acids. However, less is known about the long-term hypertrophic effect of protein supplementation in combination with resistance training. The present study was designed to compare the effect of 14 weeks of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Metabolism, clinical and experimental clinical and experimental, 2005-02, Vol.54 (2), p.151-156
Main Authors: Andersen, Lars L., Tufekovic, Goran, Zebis, Mette K., Crameri, Regina M., Verlaan, George, Kjær, Michael, Suetta, Charlotte, Magnusson, Peter, Aagaard, Per
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Biological and medical sciences
Cell Size - drug effects
Dietary Carbohydrates - pharmacology
Dietary Proteins - pharmacology
Dietary Supplements
Eating - physiology
Human physiology applied to population studies and life conditions. Human ecophysiology
Humans
Male
Medical sciences
Muscle Contraction - drug effects
Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - drug effects
Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - physiology
Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - ultrastructure
Muscle, Skeletal - cytology
Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
Nutritional survey. Food supply and nutritional requirement
Organ Size - physiology
Physical Fitness - physiology
Sports - physiology
Weight Lifting - physiology
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Summary:Acute muscle protein metabolism is modulated not only by resistance exercise but also by amino acids. However, less is known about the long-term hypertrophic effect of protein supplementation in combination with resistance training. The present study was designed to compare the effect of 14 weeks of resistance training combined with timed ingestion of isoenergetic protein vs carbohydrate supplementation on muscle fiber hypertrophy and mechanical muscle performance. Supplementation was administered before and immediately after each training bout and, in addition, in the morning on nontraining days. Muscle biopsy specimens were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle and analyzed for muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Squat jump and countermovement jump were performed on a force platform to determine vertical jump height. Peak torque during slow (30° s −1) and fast (240° s −1) concentric and eccentric contractions of the knee extensor muscle was measured in an isokinetic dynamometer. After 14 weeks of resistance training, the protein group showed hypertrophy of type I (18% ± 5%; P < .01) and type II (26% ± 5%; P < .01) muscle fibers, whereas no change above baseline occurred in the carbohydrate group. Squat jump height increased only in the protein group, whereas countermovement jump height and peak torque during slow isokinetic muscle contraction increased similarly in both groups. In conclusion, a minor advantage of protein supplementation over carbohydrate supplementation during resistance training on mechanical muscle function was found. However, the present results may have relevance for individuals who are particularly interested in gaining muscle size.
ISSN:0026-0495
1532-8600
DOI:10.1016/j.metabol.2004.07.012