Cross-Cultural Differences in Relationship- and Group-Based Trust

Two experiments explored differences in depersonalized trust (trust toward a relatively unknown target person) across cultures. Based on a recent theoretical framework that postulates predominantly different bases for group behaviors in Western cultures versus Eastern cultures, it was predicted that...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Personality & social psychology bulletin 2005-01, Vol.31 (1), p.48-62
Main Authors: Yuki, Masaki, Maddux, William W., Brewer, Marilynn B., Takemura, Kosuke
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis of Variance
Asian Continental Ancestry Group - psychology
Chi-Square Distribution
Cross-Cultural Comparison
Crosscultural studies
Cultural differences
Depersonalization
Female
Group Processes
Groups
Humans
Ingroup bias
Interpersonal Relations
Japan
Male
Personal relationships
Psychological aspects
Social Identification
Social psychology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Trust
Trust - psychology
USA
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Summary:Two experiments explored differences in depersonalized trust (trust toward a relatively unknown target person) across cultures. Based on a recent theoretical framework that postulates predominantly different bases for group behaviors in Western cultures versus Eastern cultures, it was predicted that Americans would tend to trust people primarily based on whether they shared category memberships; however, trust for Japanese was expected to be based on the likelihood of sharing direct or indirect interpersonal links. Results supported these predictions. In both Study 1 (questionnaire study) and Study 2 (online money allocation game), Americans trusted ingroup members more than outgroup members; however, the existence of a potential indirect relationship link increased trust for outgroup members more for Japanese than for Americans. Implications for understanding group processes across cultures are discussed.
ISSN:0146-1672
1552-7433
DOI:10.1177/0146167204271305