Molecular characterization of porcine TT virus, an orphan virus, in pigs from six different countries

Human TT virus (TTV), originally isolated from a patient with post-transfusion hepatitis in 1997, is ubiquitous and non-pathogenic. Viruses related to human TTV have since been identified in non-human primates, bovine, ovine, porcine, feline, and canine. The objective of this study was to geneticall...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Veterinary microbiology 2004-11, Vol.104 (1), p.113-117
Main Authors: McKeown, N.E., Fenaux, M., Halbur, P.G., Meng, X.J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
Circoviridae Infections - veterinary
Circoviridae Infections - virology
DNA
DNA, Viral - chemistry
DNA, Viral - genetics
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
geographical variation
human TT virus
microbial genetics
Microbiology
Miscellaneous
Molecular Sequence Data
Non-coding region
nucleotide sequences
Phylogeny
Pig viruses
polymerase chain reaction
Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary
porcine TT virus
Porcine TT virus (TTV)
Sequence Analysis, DNA
seroprevalence
Swine
Swine Diseases - virology
Torque teno virus - genetics
TT virus
vertebrate viruses
Virology
virulence
Xenotransplantation
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Summary:Human TT virus (TTV), originally isolated from a patient with post-transfusion hepatitis in 1997, is ubiquitous and non-pathogenic. Viruses related to human TTV have since been identified in non-human primates, bovine, ovine, porcine, feline, and canine. The objective of this study was to genetically characterize porcine TTV from pigs in different geographic regions. PCR primers based on the non-coding region of the only available porcine TTV isolate were designed to amplify porcine TTV DNA from sera of pigs in six different countries. Porcine TTV DNA was detected in 66.2% (102/154) of the swine sera. The percentages of positive pigs varied greatly from country to country and even within the same country: 33% in Iowa, USA; 40% in Thailand; 46% in Ontario, Canada; 80% in China; 85% in Korea; 90% in Spain; 100% in Quebec and Saskatchewan, Canada. A total of 40 porcine TTV isolates (five from each geographic region) were sequenced for a 218 bp fragment within the non-coding region. Sequence analyses revealed that porcine TTV isolates from different geographic regions shared 86–100% nucleotide sequence identity to each other. The prototype Japanese isolate of porcine TTV, Sd-TTV31, shared 90–97% nucleotide sequence identity with porcine TTV isolates reported in this study. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the clustering of the porcine TTV isolates is not associated with geographic origins. Although porcine TTV is not known to be associated with any swine disease, co-infection of pigs with TTV and other known swine pathogens may result in enhanced disease. There are also concerns for risk of potential human infection during xenotransplantation.
ISSN:0378-1135
1873-2542
DOI:10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.08.013