Tocopherol and tocotrienol accumulation during development of caryopses from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

The temporal and spatial accumulation of tocopherols and tocotrienols during development of caryopsis from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is reported. Tocotrienols are lipophilic antioxidants belonging to the tocochromanols, better known as vitamin E. Although present in cereal grains in high quantitie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytochemistry (Oxford) 2004-11, Vol.65 (22), p.2977-2985
Main Authors: Falk, Jon, Krahnstöver, Alice, van der Kooij, Thomas A.W., Schlensog, Mark, Krupinska, Karin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antioxidants
Barley
bioaccumulation
Biological and medical sciences
Caryopsis
Chemical constitution
Crosses, Genetic
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
grain crops
High performance liquid chromatography
Hordeum - growth & development
Hordeum - metabolism
Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare L
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
Plant physiology and development
Poaceae
Protozoa. Invertebrates
Records, symptoms, damages, economic importance, population surveys
seed development
seeds
Seeds - growth & development
Seeds - metabolism
Sunlight
Temperature
Time Factors
Tissue Distribution
Tocopherols
Tocopherols - metabolism
Tocotrienols
Tocotrienols - metabolism
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Summary:The temporal and spatial accumulation of tocopherols and tocotrienols during development of caryopsis from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is reported. Tocotrienols are lipophilic antioxidants belonging to the tocochromanols, better known as vitamin E. Although present in cereal grains in high quantities not much is known about their function in plants. In a detailed study the temporal and spatial accumulation of tocotrienols and tocopherols during grain development in two barley cultivars was analyzed. Tocochromanols and lipids accumulated in parallel until 80% of the final dry weight of the kernels was reached. Later on the tocochromanol content did not change while the lipid content decreased. Generally, only about 13% of the tocochromanols were found in the germ fraction, whereas the pericarp fraction contained about 50% and the endosperm fraction about 37% of the tocochromanols. Altogether, about 85% of the tocochromanols were tocotrienols in both cultivars. In case of the tocopherols about 80% were found in the germ fraction and the remaining 20% in the pericarp fraction. Tocotrienols were almost equally present in the pericarp and the endosperm fraction. Individual forms of tocopherols and tocotrienols accumulated with different kinetics during barley grain development. The differences in distribution and accumulation indicate different functions of the individual tocochromanols during grain development.
ISSN:0031-9422
1873-3700
DOI:10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.08.047