Fat Depot-specific Impact of Visceral Obesity on Adipocyte Adiponectin Release in Women

Our objective was to examine omental and subcutaneous adipocyte adiponectin release in women. We tested the hypothesis that adiponectin release would be reduced to a greater extent in omental than in subcutaneous adipocytes of women with visceral obesity. Omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue samp...

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Published in:Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Md.), 2009-03, Vol.17 (3), p.424-430
Main Authors: Drolet, Renee, Belanger, Chantal, Fortier, Michel, Huot, Celine, Mailloux, Jacques, Legare, Denis, Tchernof, Andre
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
abdominal fat
Absorptiometry, Photon
adipocytes
Adipocytes - cytology
Adipocytes - metabolism
Adipocytes - pathology
Adiponectin - metabolism
adipose tissue
Adult
blood glucose
Blood Glucose - metabolism
blood lipids
Body Fat Distribution
cholesterol
Cytokines - blood
fasting
Female
high density lipoprotein
homeostasis
Humans
insulin
Insulin - blood
insulin resistance
Intra-Abdominal Fat - metabolism
Lipids - blood
metabolic syndrome
Middle Aged
obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - pathology
Omentum - cytology
Omentum - metabolism
Omentum - pathology
overweight
subcutaneous fat
Subcutaneous Fat - cytology
Subcutaneous Fat - metabolism
Subcutaneous Fat - pathology
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
visceral fat
women
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Summary:Our objective was to examine omental and subcutaneous adipocyte adiponectin release in women. We tested the hypothesis that adiponectin release would be reduced to a greater extent in omental than in subcutaneous adipocytes of women with visceral obesity. Omental and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained from 52 women undergoing abdominal hysterectomies (age: 47.1 ± 4.8 years; BMI: 26.7 ± 4.7 kg/m2). Adipocytes were isolated and their adiponectin release in the medium was measured over 2 h. Measures of body fat accumulation and distribution were obtained using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and computed tomography, respectively. Adiponectin release by omental and subcutaneous adipocytes was similar in lean individuals; however, in subsamples of obese or visceral obese women, adiponectin release by omental adipocytes was significantly reduced while that of subcutaneous adipocytes was not affected. Omental adipocyte adiponectin release was significantly and negatively correlated with total body fat mass (r = −0.47, P < 0.01), visceral adipose tissue area (r = −0.50, P < 0.01), omental adipocyte diameter (r = −0.43, P < 0.01), triglyceride levels (r = −0.32, P ≤ 0.05), cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein (HDL)‐cholesterol (r = −0.31, P ≤ 0.05), fasting glucose (r = −0.39, P ≤ 0.01), fasting insulin (r = −0.36, P ≤ 0.05), homeostasis model assessment index (r = −0.39, P ≤ 0.01), and positively associated with HDL‐cholesterol concentrations (r = 0.33, P ≤ 0.05). Adiponectin release from subcutaneous cells was not associated with any measure of adiposity, lipid profile, or glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, compared to subcutaneous adipocyte adiponectin release, omental adipocyte adiponectin release is reduced to a greater extent in visceral obese women and better predicts obesity‐associated metabolic abnormalities.
ISSN:1930-7381
1930-739X
DOI:10.1038/oby.2008.555