Cryptococcal capsular glucuronoxylomannan reduces ischaemia-related neutrophil influx

Background  The capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) of Cryptococcus neoformans interferes with the chemotaxis and transendothelial migration of neutrophils. Intravenous administration of purified GXM has been shown to reduce the influx of inflammatory cells in an animal model of bacter...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of clinical investigation 2004-09, Vol.34 (9), p.631-640
Main Authors: Ellerbroek, P. M., Schoemaker, R. G., Van Veghel, R., Hoepelman, A. I. M., Coenjaerts, F. E. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Complement C5 - immunology
Coronary Vessels
Cryptococcosis - immunology
Cryptococcus
Cryptococcus neoformans
General aspects
glucuronoxylomannan
Human mycoses
Infectious diseases
inflammation
ischaemia
Ligation
Male
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous mycoses
Mycoses
Myocardial Ischemia - immunology
myocardium
neutrophils
Neutrophils - immunology
Polysaccharides - pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
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Summary:Background  The capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) of Cryptococcus neoformans interferes with the chemotaxis and transendothelial migration of neutrophils. Intravenous administration of purified GXM has been shown to reduce the influx of inflammatory cells in an animal model of bacterial infection. Here we show that isolated GXM can also interfere with neutrophil migration in a model of inflammation not related to infection. We assessed the effects of intravenous GXM on neutrophil infiltration in a rat model of myocardial ischaemia, where neutrophil infiltration has been shown to contribute to postischaemic reperfusion injury. Materials and methods  Rats were subjected to coronary artery ligation followed by a 3‐h reperfusion period. Myeloperoxidase‐activity was measured in the ischaemic tissues as a marker of neutrophil infiltration. Results  Intravenous administration of GXM markedly reduced the influx of neutrophils in the ischaemic myocardium as measured by a 65% reduction of tissue MPO activity. This reduction of MPO activity was clearly correlated to the serum concentration of GXM. As complement activation by GXM was minimal at the doses applied in vivo, it is unlikely that generation of chemotactic C5a in the circulation by GXM caused the observed reduction in leucocyte migration. Conclusion  Purified cryptococcal GXM has the ability to reduce neutrophil influx even outside the scope of infection.
ISSN:0014-2972
1365-2362
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2004.01393.x