Presence of kynurenic acid in food and honeybee products

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous antagonist of ionotropic glutamate receptors and the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, showing anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activity. In this study, the presence of KYNA in food and honeybee products was investigated. KYNA was found in all 37 tested sa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Amino acids 2009, Vol.36 (1), p.75-80
Main Authors: Turski, Michal P, Turska, Monika, Zgrajka, Wojciech, Kuc, Damian, Turski, Waldemar A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Analytical Chemistry
Animals
Bees
Bees - chemistry
Biochemical Engineering
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Broccoli
Constituents
Digestive system
Food
Food Analysis
Foods
Kidneys
Kynurenic Acid - analysis
Kynurenic Acid - pharmacokinetics
Life Sciences
Male
Neurobiology
Organ Specificity - drug effects
Original Article
Pollen
Proteomics
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Receptors
Rodents
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Summary:Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous antagonist of ionotropic glutamate receptors and the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, showing anticonvulsant and neuroprotective activity. In this study, the presence of KYNA in food and honeybee products was investigated. KYNA was found in all 37 tested samples of food and honeybee products. The highest concentration of KYNA was obtained from honeybee products' samples, propolis (9.6 nmol/g), honey (1.0-4.8 nmol/g) and bee pollen (3.4 nmol/g). A high concentration was detected in fresh broccoli (2.2 nmol/g) and potato (0.7 nmol/g). Only traces of KYNA were found in some commercial baby products. KYNA administered intragastrically in rats was absorbed from the intestine into the blood stream and transported to the liver and to the kidney. In conclusion, we provide evidence that KYNA is a constituent of food and that it can be easily absorbed from the digestive system.
ISSN:0939-4451
1438-2199
DOI:10.1007/s00726-008-0031-z