Evaluation of Chitosan-alginate-hyaluronate Complexes Modified by an RGD-containing Protein as Tissue-engineering Scaffolds for Cartilage Regeneration

:  In this study, a series of natural biodegradable materials in the form of chitosan (C)‐alginate (A)‐hyaluronate (H) complexes are evaluated as tissue‐engineering scaffolds. The weight ratio of C/A is 1 : 1 or 1 : 2. Sodium hyaluronate is mixed in 2%. The complexes can be cast into films or fabric...

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Published in:Artificial organs 2004-08, Vol.28 (8), p.693-703
Main Authors: Hsu, Shan-hui, Whu, Shu Wen, Hsieh, Shu-Chih, Tsai, Ching-Lin, Chen, David Chanhen, Tan, Tai-Sheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alginate
Alginates - pharmacology
Animals
Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid
Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology
Cartilage regeneration
Cartilage, Articular - physiology
Cell Adhesion
Cell Division
Chitosan
Chitosan - pharmacology
Chondrocytes - physiology
Glucuronic Acid - pharmacology
Hexuronic Acids - pharmacology
Hyaluronate
Hyaluronic Acid - pharmacology
Male
Membranes, Artificial
Models, Animal
Oligopeptides - pharmacology
Proteins
Rabbits
Rats
Regeneration - drug effects
Regeneration - physiology
Scaffold
Tissue Engineering - methods
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Summary::  In this study, a series of natural biodegradable materials in the form of chitosan (C)‐alginate (A)‐hyaluronate (H) complexes are evaluated as tissue‐engineering scaffolds. The weight ratio of C/A is 1 : 1 or 1 : 2. Sodium hyaluronate is mixed in 2%. The complexes can be cast into films or fabricated as scaffolds. Their surface can be further modified by an Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD)‐containing protein, a cellulose‐binding domain‐RGD (R). Cytocompatibility tests of the films are conducted using immortalized rat chondrocyte (IRC) as well as primary articular chondrocytes harvested from rabbits. The neocartilage formation in cell‐seeded scaffolds is examined in vitro as well as in rabbits, where the scaffolds are implanted into the defect‐containing joints. The results from cytocompatibility tests demonstrate that R enhances cell attachment and proliferation on C‐A and C‐A‐H complex films. Complex C1A1HR (C : A = 1 : 1 with H and R) has better performance than the other formulation. Cells retain their spherical morphology on all C‐A and C‐A‐H complexes. The in vitro evaluation of the seeded scaffolds indicates that the C1A1HR complex is the most appropriate for 3‐D culture, manifested by the better cell growth as well as higher  glycosaminoglycan  and  collagen  contents.  When the chondrocyte scaffolds are implanted into rabbit knee cartilage defects, partial repair is observed after 1 month in C1A1HR as well as in C1A1 (C : A = 1 : 1 without H and R) scaffolds. The defects are completely repaired in 6 months when C1A1HR constructs are implanted. It is concluded that C1A1HR is a potential tissue‐engineering scaffold for cartilage regeneration.
ISSN:0160-564X
1525-1594
DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1594.2004.00046.x