Efficient water use in industries: Cases from the Indian agro-based pulp and paper mills

Agro-based pulp and paper mills in India are one of the most polluting industries; in addition, they are high consumers of raw water. Growing scarcity of high quality freshwater as well as stringent regulatory standards is compelling these units to explore appropriate water management options. Based...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental management 2009, Vol.90 (1), p.265-273
Main Authors: Tewari, P.K., Batra, V.S., Balakrishnan, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture - methods
Agro-residue
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Applied sciences
Biological and medical sciences
case studies
Conservation of Natural Resources - methods
Conservation, protection and management of environment and wildlife
Efficiency
Effluent treatment
Effluents
Exact sciences and technology
Freshwater resources
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
India
Industry - methods
Mills
Pollution
Pulp & paper mills
Pulp and paper industry
pulp and paper mill effluents
Pulp and paper mills
Recycled paper
Recycling
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Waste Disposal, Fluid - standards
Waste management
Waste Management - methods
Waste Management - standards
Wastewater reuse
wastewater treatment
Wastewaters
Water
Water management
Water resources management
Water treatment
Water treatment and pollution
water use
Water utilization
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Description
Summary:Agro-based pulp and paper mills in India are one of the most polluting industries; in addition, they are high consumers of raw water. Growing scarcity of high quality freshwater as well as stringent regulatory standards is compelling these units to explore appropriate water management options. Based on data obtained through a questionnaire survey and plant visits, this work provides an overview of the water use and effluent treatment status in Indian agro-residue and recycled pulp and paper mills. The challenges faced by this sector are reviewed and practices adopted by progressive units to minimize freshwater use are illustrated through case studies.
ISSN:0301-4797
1095-8630
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.09.001