Virtual reality exposure therapy of anxiety disorders: A review

Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is an altered form of behavioral therapy and may be a possible alternative to standard in vivo exposure. Virtual reality integrates real-time computer graphics, body tracking devices, visual displays, and other sensory input devices to immerse patients in a co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical Psychology Review 2004-07, Vol.24 (3), p.259-281
Main Authors: Krijn, M, Emmelkamp, P.M.G, Olafsson, R.P, Biemond, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anxiety disorders
Anxiety Disorders - therapy
Behavior therapy
Behavior Therapy - methods
Computer applications
Exposure therapy
Humans
Phobias
Psychotherapy - methods
Therapy, Computer-Assisted - instrumentation
Treatment Outcome
Treatment outcomes
User-Computer Interface
Virtual realty
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Summary:Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is an altered form of behavioral therapy and may be a possible alternative to standard in vivo exposure. Virtual reality integrates real-time computer graphics, body tracking devices, visual displays, and other sensory input devices to immerse patients in a computer-generated virtual environment. Research on this type of treatment for anxiety disorders is discussed in this article, and the mediating and moderating variables that influence VR treatment effectiveness as well. Evidence is found that VRET is effective for participants with fear of heights and of flying. For other phobias, research to date is not conclusive. More randomized clinical trials in which VRET is compared with standard exposure are required. Furthermore, studies are needed in which VRET is not just a component of the treatment package evaluated, but in which VRET should be assessed as a stand-alone treatment.
ISSN:0272-7358
1873-7811
DOI:10.1016/j.cpr.2004.04.001