Meta-Analysis of Day Treatment and Contingency-Management Dismantling Research: Birmingham Homeless Cocaine Studies (1990-2006)

Four successive randomized clinical trials studying contingency management (CM), involving various treatment arms of drug-abstinent housing and work therapy and day treatment (DT) with a behavioral component, were compared on common drug abstinence outcomes at 2 treatment completion points (2 and 6...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of consulting and clinical psychology 2007-10, Vol.75 (5), p.823-828
Main Authors: Schumacher, Joseph E, Milby, Jesse B, Wallace, Dennis, Meehan, Dawna-Cricket, Kertesz, Stefan, Vuchinich, Rudy, Dunning, Jonathan, Usdan, Stuart
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abstinence
Alabama
Biological and medical sciences
Clinical trials
Cocaine
Cocaine-Related Disorders - psychology
Cocaine-Related Disorders - rehabilitation
Combined Modality Therapy
Comparative Analysis
Contingency Management
Crack Cocaine
Day Care, Medical
Day treatment
Drug Addiction
Drug Rehabilitation
Homeless
Homeless People
Homeless Persons - psychology
Homelessness
Human
Humans
Incidence
Least Squares Statistics
Management
Medical sciences
Meta Analysis
Neuropharmacology
Outcomes of Treatment
Partial Hospitalization
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer
Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease)
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopharmacology
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Substance abuse treatment
Substance Use Treatment
Systematic review
Token Economy
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Summary:Four successive randomized clinical trials studying contingency management (CM), involving various treatment arms of drug-abstinent housing and work therapy and day treatment (DT) with a behavioral component, were compared on common drug abstinence outcomes at 2 treatment completion points (2 and 6 months). The clinical trials were conducted from 1990 to 2006 in Birmingham, Alabama, with a total of 644 homeless persons with primary crack cocaine addiction. The meta-analysis utilized the weighted least squares approach to integrate data encompassing 9 different treatment arms to assess the effects of CM and DT (neither, DT only, CM only, and CM + DT) on a common estimate of prevalence of drug abstinence. Taken together, the results show much stronger benefits from CM + DT and from CM only than for DT alone. Throughout all of the Birmingham Homeless Cocaine Studies, the CM + DT consistently produced higher abstinence prevalence than did no CM.
ISSN:0022-006X
1939-2117
DOI:10.1037/0022-006X.75.5.823