Occurrence of perchlorate in drinking water, groundwater, surface water and human saliva from India

Perchlorate ( ClO 4 - ), which is used as an oxidizer in jet and rocket fuels, pyrotechnic devices and explosives, is a widespread contaminant in surface waters and groundwater of many countries. Perchlorate is known to affect thyroid function. Despite the compound’s widespread occurrence and potent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2009-06, Vol.76 (1), p.22-26
Main Authors: Kannan, Kurunthachalam, Praamsma, Meredith L., Oldi, John F., Kunisue, Tatsuya, Sinha, Ravindra K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Applied sciences
Biomonitoring
bottled water
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Drinking water
Exact sciences and technology
Female
Fresh Water - analysis
groundwater contamination
Humans
India
LC–MS/MS
Male
Middle Aged
Perchlorate
perchlorates
Perchlorates - analysis
Pollution
Saliva
Saliva - chemistry
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
surface water
Thyroid hormone
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
water pollution
Young Adult
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Summary:Perchlorate ( ClO 4 - ), which is used as an oxidizer in jet and rocket fuels, pyrotechnic devices and explosives, is a widespread contaminant in surface waters and groundwater of many countries. Perchlorate is known to affect thyroid function. Despite the compound’s widespread occurrence and potential health effects, perchlorate levels in drinking water in India are not known. In this study, water samples collected from 13 locations in six states ( n = 66), and saliva samples collected from four locations in three states ( n = 74) in India, were analyzed for perchlorate using high performance liquid chromatography interfaced with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Perchlorate was detected in most (76%) of the water samples analyzed at concentrations above the quantitation limit of 0.02 μg L −1; concentrations ranged from
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.02.054