A novel “cells-on-particles” cytotoxicity testing platform in vitro: design, characterization, and validation against engineered nanoparticle aerosol

The presented research introduces the "Cells-on-Particles" integrated aerosol sampling and cytotoxicity testing in vitro platform, which allows for the direct assessment of the biological effects of captured aerosol particles on a selected cell type without the need for extraction or resus...

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Published in:Toxicology (Amsterdam) 2024-11, Vol.508, p.153936, Article 153936
Main Authors: Krugly, Edvinas, Bagdonas, Edvardas, Raudoniute, Jovile, Ravikumar, Preethi, Bagdoniene, Lauryna, Ciuzas, Darius, Prasauskas, Tadas, Aldonyte, Ruta, Gutleb, Arno C., Martuzevicius, Dainius
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerosol particles
BEAS-2B cell line
Cells-on-Particles model
Cytotoxicity
In vitro testing
Nanoparticles
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Summary:The presented research introduces the "Cells-on-Particles" integrated aerosol sampling and cytotoxicity testing in vitro platform, which allows for the direct assessment of the biological effects of captured aerosol particles on a selected cell type without the need for extraction or resuspension steps. By utilizing particles with unaltered chemical and physical properties, the method enables simple and fast screening of biological effects on specific cell types, making it a promising tool for assessing the cytotoxicity of particulate matter in ambient and occupational air. Platforms fabricated from cellulose acetate (CA) and poly[ε]caprolactone (PCL) were proven to be biocompatible and promoted the attachment and growth of the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. The PCL platforms were exposed to simulated occupational aerosols of silver, copper, and graphene oxide nanoparticles. Each nanoparticle type exhibited different and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on cells, evidenced by reduced cell viability and distinct, particle type-dependent gene expression patterns. Notably, copper nanoparticles were identified as the most cytotoxic, and graphene oxide the least. Comparing the “Cells-on-Particles" and submerged exposure (“Particles-on-Cells") testing strategies, BEAS-2B cells responded to selected nanoparticles in a comparable manner, suggesting the developed testing system could be proposed for further evaluation with more complex environmental aerosols. Despite limitations, including particle agglomeration and the need for more replicates to address variability, the “Cells-on-Particles” platform enables effective detection of toxicity induced by relatively low levels of nanoparticles, demonstrating good sensitivity and a relatively simpler procedure compared to standard 2D cell exposure methods. [Display omitted] •"Cells-on-particles" model suggested for in vitro aerosol toxicity testing.•Biocompatible nanofibrous platforms were developed.•Streamlined cytotoxicity assessments eliminate the need for particle extraction.•Differential cytotoxic effects of Ag, Cu, and GO NPs were revealed.•This novel system improves aerosol toxicity assessments and safety guidelines.
ISSN:0300-483X
1879-3185
1879-3185
DOI:10.1016/j.tox.2024.153936