Aqueous degradation of tioxazafen: Kinetics, products, pathways, and toxicity

Tioxazafen (TXF) is the first 1,2,4-oxadiazole nematicide. In the present study, the aqueous degradation of TXF was investigated in terms of hydrolysis and photolysis. Under the irradiation of simulated sunlight, TXF degraded very fast in ultrapure water and buffers with half-lives (t1/2s) 1.12 mg/L...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2024-10, Vol.945, p.173817, Article 173817
Main Authors: Lu, Zhou, Zhang, Fuying, Yang, Yiqi, Zhang, Hong, Liu, Jianguo, Hou, Zhiguang, Zhao, Dan, Meng, Xinxin, Ren, Weiming, Lu, Zhongbin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
1,2,4-oxadiazole
Daphnia magna
Hydrolysis
Nematicide
Photolysis
Vibrio fischeri
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Summary:Tioxazafen (TXF) is the first 1,2,4-oxadiazole nematicide. In the present study, the aqueous degradation of TXF was investigated in terms of hydrolysis and photolysis. Under the irradiation of simulated sunlight, TXF degraded very fast in ultrapure water and buffers with half-lives (t1/2s) 1.12 mg/L for TXF, while the results of Vibrio fischeri assays indicated that one or more PPs of PP228a might have higher toxicity. [Display omitted] •Tioxazafen (TXF) photolyzed into a sole product (PP228a) identified as its isomer with high structural similarity.•Photolysis rate of PP228a was 1000+ times lower than that of TXF.•TXF and PP228a were hydrolytically stable.•PP228a was more toxic to Daphnia magna than TXF, fitting into “very toxic” and “toxic” levels, respectively.
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173817