Liver phospholipid fatty acid composition in response to chronic high-fat diets

Liver phospholipid fatty acid composition depends on the dietary lipid intake and the efficiency of hepatic enzymatic activity. Our study aimed to simultaneously investigate the liver phospholipid fatty acid composition in response to chronic linseed, palm, or sunflower oil diets. We used adult fema...

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Published in:Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids 2024-10, Vol.1869 (7), p.159526, Article 159526
Main Authors: Popović, Tamara, Nenadović, Aleksandra, Stanković, Anica, Martačić, Jasmina Debeljak, Ranković, Slavica, Kovačević, Sanjin, Nešović Ostojić, Jelena, Ilić, Andjelija, Milašin, Jelena, De Luka, Silvio, Trbovich, Alexander M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chronic high-fat diet
Linseed oil
Liver
Palm oil
Phospholipid fatty acids
Sunflower oil
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Summary:Liver phospholipid fatty acid composition depends on the dietary lipid intake and the efficiency of hepatic enzymatic activity. Our study aimed to simultaneously investigate the liver phospholipid fatty acid composition in response to chronic linseed, palm, or sunflower oil diets. We used adult female C57/BL6 mice and randomly divided them into control and three groups treated with 25 % dietary oils. Prior to treatment, we analyzed the fatty acid profiles in dietary oils and hepatocytes and, after 100 days, the fatty acid composition in the liver using gas-liquid chromatography. Linseed oil treatment elevated alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosapentaenoic acids and reduced arachidonic and docosatetraenoic acids, consequently lowering the n-6/n-3 ratio. Palm oil treatment increased linoleic acid and decreased docosahexaenoic acid, contributing to an elevated n-6/n-3 ratio. Sunflower oil treatment elevated total monounsaturated fatty acids by increasing palmitoleic, oleic, and vaccenic acids. The estimated activity of Δ9 desaturase was significantly elevated in the sunflower oil group, while Δ5 desaturase was the highest, and Δ6 desaturase was the lowest after the linseed oil diet. Our findings demonstrate that chronic consumption of linseed, palm, or sunflower oil alters the distribution of liver phospholipid fatty acids differently. Sunflower oil diet elevated total monounsaturated fatty acids, proposing potential benefits for liver tissue health. Considering these outcomes, a substantial recommendation emerges to elevate linseed oil intake, recognized as the principal ALA source, thereby aiding in reducing the n-6/n-3 ratio. Moreover, modifying dietary habits to incorporate specific vegetable oils in daily consumption could substantially enhance overall health. •Liver phospholipid composition reflects dietary lipid intake and enzymatic activity.•Desirable n-6/n-3 ratio emphasizes the importance of dietary lipid balance.•Vegetable oils are crucial sources of energy and essential fatty acids in diets.•Chronic linseed, palm, or sunflower oil intake alters liver phospholipid composition.•Dietary vegetable oil selection is critical for regulating liver lipid composition.
ISSN:1388-1981
1879-2618
1879-2618
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159526