Clinical profile, otologic, and auditory outcomes in patients with Down syndrome

Even though the incidence has decreased in recent years, Down syndrome (DS) remains the most common chromosomal disorder today. Despite being a condition with multisystemic involvement, it often tends to affect the head and neck area, making it a frequent reason for consultation with pediatric otola...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta otorrinolaringológica española (English) 2024-05
Main Authors: Lorente-Piera, Joan, Manrique-Huarte, Raquel, Manrique, Manuel, Cervera-Paz, Francisco Javier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cochlear implant
Down syndrome
Hearing loss
Hipoacusia
Implante coclear
Otitis
Otorrinolaringología infantil
Pediatric otolaryngology
Síndrome de Down
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Summary:Even though the incidence has decreased in recent years, Down syndrome (DS) remains the most common chromosomal disorder today. Despite being a condition with multisystemic involvement, it often tends to affect the head and neck area, making it a frequent reason for consultation with pediatric otolaryngologists or otologists. The purpose of this work is to be one of the first in Spain to characterize and describe the pathology and therapeutic approach typically provided to these patients, analyzing the evolution from a clinical and auditory perspective. We aim to analyze a sample of 16 pediatric patients recruited over the past 24 years, diagnosed with Down syndrome, and experiencing a wide range of diseases affecting the ear and its auditory function. 62.50% of the patients were women, whose main reason for seeking specialist care was acute and serous otitis media, accounting for 31.25%. These patients have an indication for treatment for various entities within the otological sphere that usually do not differ from those of a healthy child. However, the evolution and response to treatments can take on a torpid character due to the anatomical characteristics of the ears of these patients. Although the frequency of children with DS in the pediatric otolaryngologist's clinic is decreasing, these patients have a predisposition to ear diseases with auditory repercussions, with variable evolution depending on the disease and the child's intrinsic characteristics. Si bien la incidencia ha decaído estos últimos años, la cromosomopatía más frecuente hoy en día, sigue siendo el síndrome de Down (SD). A pesar de que esta enfermedad tiene una afectación multisistémica, es frecuente que tienda a afectar al área de cabeza y cuello, siendo especialmente un motivo de consulta del otorrinolaringólogo u otólogo pediátrico. La intención de este trabajo es ser uno de los primeros en España en caracterizar y describir la patología y enfoque terapéutico que se les suele proporcionar a estos pacientes, analizando la evolución desde un punto de vista clínico y auditivo. Pretendemos analizar una muestra de 16 pacientes en edad pediátrica reclutados los últimos 24 años, diagnosticados de síndrome de Down, que padecen un amplio abanico de enfermedades que comprometen el oído y su función auditiva. Un 62.50% de los pacientes fueron mujeres, cuya causa principal para atender al especialista fueron con un 31.25% otitis medias serosas y agudas. Estos pacientes tienen una indicación al
ISSN:2173-5735
2173-5735
DOI:10.1016/j.otoeng.2024.05.003