Emerging trends and therapeutic applications of monoclonal antibodies

•Many humanized monoclonal antibodies are used in the treatment of immune-mediated diseases.•Several mAbs have shown success in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.•Immunotherapies have clinical benefit and efficiency against various tumor types.•Antibody fusion proteins were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Gene 2024-10, Vol.925, p.148607, Article 148607
Main Authors: Mekala, Janaki Ramaiah, Nalluri, Hari P., Reddy, Prakash Narayana, S.B., Sainath, N.S., Sampath Kumar, G.V.S.D., Sai Kiran, Dhiman, Rohan, Chamarthy, Sahiti, Komaragiri, Raghava Rao, Manyam, Rajasekhar Reddy, Dirisala, Vijaya R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biobetter
Biosimilars
Bispecific antibodies
Hybridoma technology
Pharmacokinetics
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Summary:•Many humanized monoclonal antibodies are used in the treatment of immune-mediated diseases.•Several mAbs have shown success in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors.•Immunotherapies have clinical benefit and efficiency against various tumor types.•Antibody fusion proteins were effective in cancer treatment. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are being used to prevent, detect, and treat a broad spectrum of malignancies and infectious and autoimmune diseases. Over the past few years, the market for mAbs has grown exponentially. They have become a significant part of many pharmaceutical product lines, and more than 250 therapeutic mAbs are undergoing clinical trials. Ever since the advent of hybridoma technology, antibody-based therapeutics were realized using murine antibodies which further progressed into humanized and fully human antibodies, reducing the risk of immunogenicity. Some of the benefits of using mAbs over conventional drugs include a drastic reduction in the chances of adverse reactions, interactions between drugs, and targeting specific proteins. While antibodies are very efficient, their higher production costs impede the process of commercialization. However, their cost factor has been improved by developing biosimilar antibodies, which are affordable versions of therapeutic antibodies. Along with biosimilars, innovations in antibody engineering have helped to design bio-better antibodies with improved efficacy than the conventional ones. These novel mAb-based therapeutics are set to revolutionize existing drug therapies targeting a wide spectrum of diseases, thereby meeting several unmet medical needs. In the future, mAbs generated by applying next-generation sequencing (NGS) are expected to become a powerful tool in clinical therapeutics. This article describes the methods of mAb production, pre-clinical and clinical development of mAbs, approved indications targeted by mAbs, and novel developments in the field of mAb research.
ISSN:0378-1119
1879-0038
1879-0038
DOI:10.1016/j.gene.2024.148607