Effect of boron fertilization on productivity and sustainability of rice-wheat cropping system in Tarai region, North-West India

Extensive global dependency on rice and wheat crops has necessitated the adoption of intensive cultivation practices, thereby compelling to closely monitor the potential yield-limiting factors, among which, boron (B) deficiency stands out to be a prime concern. The present study explores the effects...

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Published in:Journal of environmental management 2024-05, Vol.359, p.121084-121084, Article 121084
Main Authors: Pachauri, S.P., Shukla, Arvind K., Srivastava, P.C., Behara, Sanjib K., Butail, Nagender Pal, Thakur, Pratibha, Thakur, Praveen, Anjali, Sharma, Munish, Sharma, Pradeep K., Sahu, Ankita, Kumar, Pardeep
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture - methods
Boron
Boron fractions
Crops, Agricultural - growth & development
Fertilizers
India
Mobility factor
Oryza - growth & development
Soil - chemistry
Sustainable yield index
System rice equivalent yield
Triticum - growth & development
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Summary:Extensive global dependency on rice and wheat crops has necessitated the adoption of intensive cultivation practices, thereby compelling to closely monitor the potential yield-limiting factors, among which, boron (B) deficiency stands out to be a prime concern. The present study explores the effects of B fertilization strategies within the Rice-Wheat Cropping System (RWCS) in the Tarai region of North-West India. A comprehensive six-year field experiment was conducted (2013–2019) at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Uttarakhand, India. The experiment tested graded B doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 kg ha−1) at varied frequencies (single, alternate, and annual) in a factorial design. The study revealed significant impacts of alternate B application at 1.5 kg ha−1 on crop yields and the Sustainable Yield Index (SYI). The System Rice Equivalent Yield (SREY) exhibited an increase of 6.7% with B supplementation over B-deprived plots, highlighting the pivotal role of B fertilizer in enhancing productivity within the RWCS. The economic optimum B dose was found to be 1.422 kg ha−1 using a linear plus plateau model, resulting in a calculated annual SREY of 9.73 t ha−1 when applied alternately to the cropping system. Continuous application and higher B rates demonstrated substantial increases in various B fractions, while the mobility factor remained within 10%, depicting safe ecological limits. The distribution of fractions in B-treated plots on average followed the order: residual B > organically-bound B > oxide bound B > specifically adsorbed B > readily soluble B. Similarities in the distribution patterns of B fractions between B-treated plots and the control indicated potential influence of biotic or abiotic processes on B fraction dynamics, even in the absence of external B application. To sum up, B application in alternate years at 1.5 kg ha−1 was most sustainable in enhancing the SREY, SYI, available soil B, and B fractions and lowering the environmental hazards. [Display omitted] •Boron (B) deficiency emerging as a major threat in RWCS under the Tarai region of North-West India.•Alternate B application enhanced rice and wheat yield.•Figured out the economic optimum B dose as 1.422 kg ha−1.•Continuous B application at higher rates had positive and significant impact only on boron fractions.
ISSN:0301-4797
1095-8630
DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121084