Stable Zinc Electrode Reaction Enabled by Combined Cationic and Anionic Electrolyte Additives for Non‐Flow Aqueous Zn─Br2 Batteries

Aqueous zinc–bromine batteries hold immense promise for large‐scale energy storage systems due to their inherent safety and high energy density. However, achieving a reliable zinc metal electrode reaction is challenging because zinc metal in the aqueous electrolyte inevitably leads to dendrite growt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Germany), 2024-09, Vol.20 (37), p.e2401916-n/a
Main Authors: Kim, Jeonghyun, Park, Hyeonghun, Cho, Youngin, Lee, Taegyoung, Kim, Hyerim, Pak, Chanho, Kim, Hyeong‐Jin, Kim, Sangryun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additives
aqueous batteries
Aqueous electrolytes
Battery cycles
Bromine
Cations
Cerium
Decomposition reactions
dendrite
Electrodes
electrolyte additives
Electrolytes
Electrostatic shielding
hydrogen evolution reaction
Metal surfaces
Storage systems
Zinc
Zinc-bromide batteries
Zn anode
Zn─Br2 batteries
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Summary:Aqueous zinc–bromine batteries hold immense promise for large‐scale energy storage systems due to their inherent safety and high energy density. However, achieving a reliable zinc metal electrode reaction is challenging because zinc metal in the aqueous electrolyte inevitably leads to dendrite growth and related side reactions, resulting in rapid capacity fading. Here, it is reported that combined cationic and anionic additives in the electrolytes using CeCl3 can simultaneously address the multiple chronic issues of the zinc metal electrode. Trivalent Ce3+ forms an electrostatic shielding layer to prevent Zn2+ from concentrating at zinc metal protrusions, while the high electron‐donating nature of Cl− mitigates H2O decomposition on the zinc metal surface by reducing the interaction between Zn2+ and H2O. These combined cationic and anionic effects significantly enhance the reversibility of the zinc metal reaction, allowing the non‐flow aqueous Zn─Br2 full‐cell to reliably cycle with exceptionally high capacity (>400 mAh after 5000 cycles) even in a large‐scale battery configuration of 15 × 15 cm2. Aqueous zinc–bromine batteries show promise for large‐scale energy storage due to their safety and high energy density. However, achieving reliable zinc metal electrode reactions is challenging. This research is to engage cationic and anionic effects using CeCl3. Ce3+ forms a shielding layer against Zn2+ concentration, while Cl− mitigates H2O decomposition, enhancing reaction reversibility. This enables reliable cycling in large‐scale setups.
ISSN:1613-6810
1613-6829
1613-6829
DOI:10.1002/smll.202401916