Are the nutritional status and growth parameters of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis akin to their healthy peers? A single-center experience

•While body weight and body mass index were similar in the patient and control groups, height was different to the detriment of the patient group.•The rate of high disease activity at the last visit in overweight children was found to be three times higher than in children with normal BMI•It has bee...

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Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2024-08, Vol.124, p.112439, Article 112439
Main Authors: Akgün, Özlem, Eliuz Tipici, Beyza, Kahraman, Işık Gülcan, Guliyeva, Vafa, Demirkan, Fatma Gül, Tuğrul Aksakal, Melike Zeynep, Aktay Ayaz, Nuray
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Arthritis
Body mass index
Body size
Body weight
Carbohydrates
Chronic illnesses
Dietitians
Disease
Disease control
Folic acid
Food
Growth parameters
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Macro nutrient
Micro nutrient
Micronutrients
Nutrition research
Nutritional status
Parameters
Patients
Pediatrics
Proteins
Rheumatology
Standard scores
Statistical analysis
Steroids
Subgroups
Vitamin E
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Summary:•While body weight and body mass index were similar in the patient and control groups, height was different to the detriment of the patient group.•The rate of high disease activity at the last visit in overweight children was found to be three times higher than in children with normal BMI•It has been established that high disease activity can negatively affect body weight and BMI.•The patient and control groups were also evaluated for energy, macro- and micronutrient intake characteristics across JIA subtypes. Proper nutrition is a significant contributor to growth achievement in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In this study, the aim was to analyze the growth parameters and nutritional status of children with JIA and then compare them with their healthy peers. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 54 patients with JIA and the same number of healthy peers. Growth parameter z-scores and nutrient distributions were analyzed and compared with a control group and among disease subgroups. While the average height in the control group was significantly greater than in the patient group, there was similarity in terms of body weight and body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001, P = 0.33, P = 0.14, respectively). Body weight and BMI z-scores of patients with high disease activity at the most recent visit were significantly lower (P = 0.03, P = 0.01, respectively). Both groups had similar energy and protein requirement–meeting percentages (P = 0.62, P = 0.51). JIA atients had higher carbohydrate intake (P = 0.04), and fat intake was higher in controls (P = 0.02). Energy obtained from junk food was higher in patients with entesitis-related arthritis (ERA) compared to oligoarticular JIA and polyarticular JIA (P = 0.03). Micronutrient intake in the ERA group was significantly lower for vitamin E, C, and folate (P = 0.02, P = 0.03, P < 0.001). In our cohort, patients had a lower height score. As they have a diet characterized by adequate energy/protein, carbohydrate, and high fat intake, this may be a reflection of disease activity. Although some of the micronutrient intakes were less than normal in both groups, significant deficiencies were identified in the ERA group.
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2024.112439