Neuronal mechanisms regulating locomotion in adult Drosophila

The coordinated action of multiple leg joints and muscles is required even for the simplest movements. Understanding the neuronal circuits and mechanisms that generate precise movements is essential for comprehending the neuronal basis of the locomotion and to infer the neuronal mechanisms underlyin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroscience research 2024-04, Vol.102 (4), p.e25332-n/a
Main Authors: Gowda, Swetha B. M., Banu, Ayesha, Hussain, Sadam, Mohammad, Farhan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Circuits
Coordination
Drosophila
Drosophila - physiology
Drosophila melanogaster - physiology
forward and backward locomotion
Fruit flies
Functional morphology
Insects
inter‐leg coordination
Leg
leg proprioception
Locomotion
Locomotion - physiology
Muscles
Nervous system
neuromodulation in walking
neuronal pathways
Neurons - physiology
pre‐motor circuits
Proprioception
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Summary:The coordinated action of multiple leg joints and muscles is required even for the simplest movements. Understanding the neuronal circuits and mechanisms that generate precise movements is essential for comprehending the neuronal basis of the locomotion and to infer the neuronal mechanisms underlying several locomotor‐related diseases. Drosophila melanogaster provides an excellent model system for investigating the neuronal circuits underlying motor behaviors due to its simple nervous system and genetic accessibility. This review discusses current genetic methods for studying locomotor circuits and their function in adult Drosophila. We highlight recently identified neuronal pathways that modulate distinct forward and backward locomotion and describe the underlying neuronal control of leg swing and stance phases in freely moving flies. We also report various automated leg tracking methods to measure leg motion parameters and define inter‐leg coordination, gait and locomotor speed of freely moving adult flies. Finally, we emphasize the role of leg proprioceptive signals to central motor circuits in leg coordination. Together, this review highlights the utility of adult Drosophila as a model to uncover underlying motor circuitry and the functional organization of the leg motor system that governs correct movement. This review provides an overview of recent advances in understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying adult Drosophila walking behaviors. The application of genetic methods and automated tracking techniques for detecting various aspects of locomotion are reported. Review further delves into the significance of mechanosensory feedback, proprioceptive signals, and neuromodulation in coordinating leg motor output during walking.
ISSN:0360-4012
1097-4547
DOI:10.1002/jnr.25332