Small hazardous waste generators in developing countries: use of stabilization/solidification process as an economic tool for metal wastewater treatment and appropriate sludge disposal

The aim of this study was to propose a profitable destination for an industrial sludge that can cover the wastewater treatment costs of small waste generators. Optimized stabilization/solidification technology was used to treat hazardous waste from an electroplating industry that is currently releas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2007-08, Vol.147 (3), p.986-990
Main Authors: Silva, Marcos A.R., Mater, Luciana, Souza-Sierra, Maria M., Corrêa, Albertina X.R., Sperb, Rafael, Radetski, Claudemir M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum Silicates - chemistry
Applied sciences
Cements
Chemical engineering
Clay (material)
Concrete blocks
Constitution
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Crystallization, leaching, miscellaneous separations
Developing Countries
Economics
Electroplating
Exact sciences and technology
General purification processes
General treatment and storage processes
Generators
Hazardous Waste
Hazardous wastes
Heavy metal encapsulation
Industrial hazardous waste
Industrial Waste
Landfills
Metals, Heavy - isolation & purification
Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge
Pollution
Raw materials
Sludge
Sludge disposal
Small waste generators
Solidification
Solubility
Stabilization
Stabilization/solidification
Waste Disposal, Fluid - economics
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Waste treatment
Waste water
Wastes
Wastewater treatment
Wastewaters
Water Pollutants, Chemical - isolation & purification
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:The aim of this study was to propose a profitable destination for an industrial sludge that can cover the wastewater treatment costs of small waste generators. Optimized stabilization/solidification technology was used to treat hazardous waste from an electroplating industry that is currently released untreated to the environment. The stabilized/solidified (S/S) waste product was used as a raw material to build concrete blocks, to be sold as pavement blocks or used in roadbeds and/or parking lots. The quality of the blocks containing a mixture of cement, lime, clay and waste was evaluated by means of leaching and solubility tests according to the current Brazilian waste regulations. Results showed very low metal leachability and solubility of the block constituents, indicating a low environmental impact. Concerning economic benefits from the S/S process and reuse of the resultant product, the cost of untreated heavy metal-containing sludge disposal to landfill is usually on the order of US$ 150–200 per tonne of waste, while 1 tonne of concrete roadbed blocks (with 25% of S/S waste constitution) has a value of around US$ 100. The results of this work showed that the cement, clay and lime-based process of stabilization/solidification of hazardous waste sludge is sufficiently effective and economically viable to stimulate the treatment of wastewater from small industrial waste generators.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.128