Improvement of cadmium ion removal by base treatment of juniper fiber

Juniper is a small-diameter underutilized lignocellulosic material. We evaluated the efficacy of base-treated juniper fiber (BTJF) for cadmium (Cd 2+) sorption and the viability of juniper fiber as a sorbent for removing Cd 2+ from water. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water research (Oxford) 2004-03, Vol.38 (5), p.1289-1295
Main Authors: Min, S.H., Han, J.S., Shin, E.W., Park, J.K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Applied sciences
Cadmium
Cadmium - isolation & purification
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Exact sciences and technology
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Ions
Isotherm
Juniper
Juniperus - chemistry
Kinetics
Models, Theoretical
Natural water pollution
Pollution
Pollution, environment geology
Rainwaters, run off water and others
Saponification
Water Pollutants - isolation & purification
Water Purification - methods
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:Juniper is a small-diameter underutilized lignocellulosic material. We evaluated the efficacy of base-treated juniper fiber (BTJF) for cadmium (Cd 2+) sorption and the viability of juniper fiber as a sorbent for removing Cd 2+ from water. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that carboxylate ion is a major functional group responsible for Cd 2+ sorption. The apparent ideal sodium hydroxide concentration for base treatment is approximately 0.5 M. A batch sorption isotherm test showed that equilibrium sorption data were better represented by the Langmuir model than the Freundlich model. After base treatment, the maximum Cd 2+ sorption loading, Q max, was greatly improved (9.18–29.54 mg/g), despite a decrease in specific surface area. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well for the sorption of Cd 2+ onto BTJF. Initial metal ion concentration and treatment alkalinity were found to be major parameters influencing the kinetics of the sorption reaction. As a result of its strong ability to bind cadmium and its faster kinetics in low concentration, BTJF could be an inexpensive and efficient sorbent for removing heavy metals from stormwater runoff.
ISSN:0043-1354
1879-2448
DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2003.11.016