Genetic characterization of the parvovirus full-length VP2 gene in domestic cats in Brazil

Feline parvovirus (FPV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) are over 98% identical in their DNA sequences, and the new variants of CPV (2a/2b/2c) have gained the ability to infect and replicate in cats. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity in the VP2 gene of parvovirus strains circul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Research in veterinary science 2024-04, Vol.170, p.105186-105186, Article 105186
Main Authors: Domingues, Cinthya Fonseca, de Castro, Tatiana Xavier, do Lago, Bárbara Vieira, Garcia, Rita de Cássia Nasser Cubel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Brazil
Brazil - epidemiology
Canine parvovirus
Cat Diseases - epidemiology
Cats
Dog Diseases
Dogs
Feline Panleukopenia Virus - genetics
Feline parvovirus
Genetic analysis
Parvoviridae Infections - epidemiology
Parvoviridae Infections - veterinary
Parvovirus, Canine - genetics
Phylogeny
Recombination
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Summary:Feline parvovirus (FPV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) are over 98% identical in their DNA sequences, and the new variants of CPV (2a/2b/2c) have gained the ability to infect and replicate in cats. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity in the VP2 gene of parvovirus strains circulating in domestic cats in Brazil during a 10-year period (2008–2017). For parvovirus screening, specific PCR was performed, and 25 (34.7%) of 72 cats tested positive. The PCR-positive samples were further subjected to full-length VP2 sequencing (1755 bp), and eight sequences (36%) were characterized as FPV, seven (28%) as CPV-2a and (32%) nine (36%) as CPV-2b. One sequence (RJ1085/11) showing typical CPV amino acid (aa) at residues 80 R, 93 N, 103 A, 232 I, and 323 N could not be characterized at this time. The sequences in this study displayed aa changes previously described for FPV (A14T, A91S, I101T, N564S, and A568G) from cats and CPV-2a/2b (S297N and Y324L) from dogs. However, the Y324L mutation has not yet been reported in any CPV-2a/2b strains from cats. Phylogenetic analysis supported the division of these sequences into two well-defined clades, clade 1 for FPV and clade 2 for CPV2a/2b. Unusually, the sequence RJ1085/11 was grouped separately. Two recombination breakpoints were detected by Bootscan and 3Seq methods implemented in the RDP4. This study is the first report of CPV-2a/2b in cats in Brazil. The detection of FPV strains with mutations characteristic of CPV indicates that Brazilian FPV strains have undergone genetic changes. •First report of CPV-2a/ CPV-2b variants in cats in Brazil.•CPV-2a/CPV-2b were the predominant variants detected in diseased cats.•Two recombination breakpoints were detected in one cat sequence.•First report of Y324L mutation in CPV-2a/2b strains from cats.
ISSN:0034-5288
1532-2661
DOI:10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105186