Comprehensive analysis of antigenic variations and genomic properties of hepatitis B virus in clinical samples in the mid-north east region of Bangladesh

This investigation delineates an exhaustive analysis of the clinical, immunological, and genomic landscapes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection across a cohort of 22 verified patients. The demographic analysis unveiled a pronounced male bias (77.27%), with patient ages spanning 20 to 85 years and d...

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Published in:Infection, genetics and evolution genetics and evolution, 2024-04, Vol.119, p.105572-105572, Article 105572
Main Authors: Hossain, Md. Golzar, Islam, Mahfuz, Araf, Yusha, Paul, Shyamal Kumar, Akter, Sharmin, Khan, Mohammad Kamruzzaman, Ahmed, Muzahed Uddin, Khan, Sakirul, Akbar, Sheikh Mohammad Fazle, Debnath, Chitta Ranjan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigenic Variation
Antigenicity
Bangladesh - epidemiology
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
Clinical features
Complete genome
DNA, Viral - genetics
Genomics
Genotype
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - genetics
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B, Chronic
Humans
Liver Neoplasms
Male
Mutation
Phylogeny
Reproducibility of Results
Surface proteins
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Summary:This investigation delineates an exhaustive analysis of the clinical, immunological, and genomic landscapes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection across a cohort of 22 verified patients. The demographic analysis unveiled a pronounced male bias (77.27%), with patient ages spanning 20 to 85 years and durations of illness ranging from 10 days to 4 years. Predominant clinical manifestations included fever, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, and arthralgia, alongside observed co-morbidities such as chronic renal disorders and hepatocellular carcinoma. Antigenic profiling of the HBV envelope proteins elucidated significant heterogeneity among the infected subjects, particularly highlighted by discordances in the detection capabilities of small and large HBsAg assays, suggesting antigenic diversity. Quantitative assessment of viral loads unveiled a broad spectrum, accompanied by atypical HBeAg reactivity patterns, challenging the reliability of existing serological markers. Correlative studies between viral burden and antigenicity of the envelope proteins unearthed phenomena indicative of diagnostic evasion. Notably, samples demonstrating robust viral replication were paradoxically undetectable by the large HBsAg ELISA kit, advocating for more sophisticated diagnostic methodologies. Genotypic examination of three HBV isolates classified them as genotype D (D2), with phylogenetic alignment to strains from various global origins. Mutational profiling identified pivotal mutations within the basic core promoter and preS2/S1 regions, associated with an augmented risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Further, mutations discerned in the small HBsAg and RT/overlap regions were recognized as contributors to vaccine and/or diagnostic escape mechanisms. In summation, this scholarly discourse elucidates the intricate interplay of clinical presentations, antigenic diversity, and genomic attributes in HBV infection, accentuating the imperative for ongoing investigative endeavors to refine diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. •The study uncovers diverse HBV envelope proteins among infected individuals, notably in small and large HBsAg assays.•Viral load analysis exposes varied HBeAg reactivity patterns, challenging conventional serological markers.•Genotypic analysis identifies HBV isolates as genotype D, with mutations in critical regions linked to hepatocellular carcinoma risk.
ISSN:1567-1348
1567-7257
DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105572