Surfactants for stabilization of dermal emulsions and their skin compatibility under UVA irradiation: Diacyl phospholipids and polysorbate 80 result in high viability rates of primary human skin cells

[Display omitted] Phospholipids are versatile formulation compounds with high biocompatibility. However, no data on their effect on skin in combination with UVA radiation exist. Thus, it was the aim of this work to (i) develop o/w nanoemulsions (NEs) differing in surfactant type and to investigate t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of pharmaceutics 2024-03, Vol.653, p.123903-123903, Article 123903
Main Authors: Steiner, Katja, Josef Schmolz, Jakob, Hoang, Felisa, Wolf, Hanna, Seiser, Saskia, Elbe-Bürger, Adelheid, Klang, Victoria
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dermatitis, Phototoxic
Emulsions - pharmacology
Humans
NRU phototoxicity assay
O/w emulsion
Phospholipids
Polysorbates - pharmacology
Primary human dermal fibroblasts
Primary human keratinocytes
Skin
Surface-Active Agents - chemistry
Surfactants
Ultraviolet Rays
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Summary:[Display omitted] Phospholipids are versatile formulation compounds with high biocompatibility. However, no data on their effect on skin in combination with UVA radiation exist. Thus, it was the aim of this work to (i) develop o/w nanoemulsions (NEs) differing in surfactant type and to investigate their physicochemical stability at different storage temperatures, (ii) establish a standardized protocol for in vitro phototoxicity testing using primary human skin cells and (iii) investigate the phototoxicity of amphoteric phospholipids (S45, S75, E80, S100, LPC80), sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and polysorbate 80 (PS80). Satisfying systems were developed with all surfactants except S100 due to low zeta potential (-21.4 mV ± 4.69). SLES and PS80-type NEs showed the highest stability after eight weeks; temperature-dependent variations in storage stability were most noticeable for phospholipid surfactants. For phospholipid-based NEs, higher phosphatidylcholine content led to unstable formulations. Phototoxicity assays with primary skin fibroblasts confirmed the lack of UVA-related phototoxicity but revealed cytotoxic effects of LPC80 and SLES, resulting in cell viability as low as 2.7 % ±0.78 and 1.9 % ±1.57 compared to the control. Our findings suggest that surfactants S45, S75 and PS80 are the most promising candidates for skin-friendly emulsifiers in sensitive applications involving exposure to UV light.
ISSN:0378-5173
1873-3476
DOI:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123903