Separation of the heme protein cytochrome C using a 3D structured graphene oxide bionanocomposite as an adsorbent

Proteins are of great importance for medicine and the pharmaceutical and food industries. However, proteins need to be purified prior to their application. This work investigated the application of a hydrogel bionanocomposite based on agar and graphene oxide (GO) for capturing cytochrome (Cyto ) hem...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Soft matter 2024-02, Vol.20 (7), p.1475-1485
Main Authors: Bezerra de Araujo, Caroline Maria, Rios, Albertina Gonçalves, Ghislandi, Marcos Gomes, Ferreira, Alexandre Filipe Porfírio, Alves da Motta Sobrinho, Maurício, Rodrigues, Alírio Egídio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Aqueous solutions
Bovine serum albumin
Cytochrome
Cytochrome c
Cytochromes
Cytochromes c
Electrostatic properties
Fixed beds
Food industry
Graphene
Graphite - chemistry
Heme proteins
Hemeproteins
Hydrogels
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Ionic strength
Isotherms
Kinetics
Nanocomposites
Nanoparticles
Phenylalanine
Potassium chloride
Protein adsorption
Protein purification
Proteins
Separation
Separation processes
Serum albumin
Sodium chloride
Water
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Summary:Proteins are of great importance for medicine and the pharmaceutical and food industries. However, proteins need to be purified prior to their application. This work investigated the application of a hydrogel bionanocomposite based on agar and graphene oxide (GO) for capturing cytochrome (Cyto ) heme protein by adsorption from aqueous solutions with other proteins. Although applications of GO-based materials in adsorption are widely studied, the focus on semi-continuous processes remains limited. Adsorption experiments were carried out in batch and fixed bed columns. The effect of pH and ionic strength on adsorption was investigated, and there is evidence that electrostatic interactions between Cyto and the nanocomposite were favoured at pH = 7; the adsorption capacity decreased as NaCl and KCl concentrations increased, ascribed to the weak electrostatic interaction between the protein and GO active sites in the bionanocomposite. All adsorption isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips) used gave suitable adjustments to the equilibrium experimental data and the kinetic models applied. The maximum adsorption capacity predicted by the Langmuir isotherm was ∼400 mg g , and the adsorption thermodynamics indicated a physisorption process. Tests were performed to evaluate the co-adsorption in batch, and the composite was effective in adsorbing Cyto in solution with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and L-phenylalanine. Fixed bed tests were performed, and although protein adsorption onto nanoparticles can be challenging, the Cyto adsorbed could be successfully recovered after desorption. Overall, the GO-based hydrogel was an effective method for cytochrome adsorption, exhibiting a notorious potential for applications in protein separation processes.
ISSN:1744-683X
1744-6848
DOI:10.1039/d3sm01053h