Prevalence & Odds of Anxiety & Depression in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma: A Proportional Meta-analysis & Regression

The psychological burden of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CM) is all-encompassing, affecting treatment adherence, recurrence, and mortality. Yet, the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression (A&D) in CM remain unclear. To establish a benchmark pooled prevalence of A&D in CM, pro...

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Published in:British journal of dermatology (1951) 2024-06, Vol.191 (1), p.24-35
Main Authors: Kungwengwe, Garikai, Gowthorpe, Chloe, Ali, Stephen R, Warren, Harry, Drury, Damien J, Ang, Ky-Leigh, Gibson, John A G, Dobbs, Thomas D, Whitaker, Iain S
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The psychological burden of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CM) is all-encompassing, affecting treatment adherence, recurrence, and mortality. Yet, the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression (A&D) in CM remain unclear. To establish a benchmark pooled prevalence of A&D in CM, provide magnitudes of association for clinical, therapeutic, and demographic correlates, and elucidate temporal trends in A&D from the time of diagnosis. This review was reported in line with MOOSE guidance. MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were queried from database inception through August 24th, 2023. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two independent authors, utilising both the JBI and NIH risk of bias (ROB) tools for the latter. The GRADE approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence. Prevalence rates, 95% Confidence (CI), and Prediction (PI) Intervals were derived using a random-effects model, and estimating between- and within-study variance. Nine longitudinal and 29 cross-sectional studies were included (n = 7,995). Quality assessment revealed 20/17 low, 12/15 moderate, and six/five high ROB studies, based on JBI/NIH tools, respectively. The prevalence of A (30.6% [95% CI, 24.6-37.0%; PI, 18-47%]) and D (18.4% [95% CI, 13.4-23.9%; PI, 10-33%]) peaked during treatment, declining to pre-treatment levels after one year (A: 48% vs 20%, p = 0.005; D: 28% vs 13%, p = 0.03). Female gender (OR 1.8; 95% CI, 1.4-2.3; p 
ISSN:0007-0963
1365-2133
1365-2133
DOI:10.1093/bjd/ljae011