Influence of birth-related maternal and neonatal factors on the levels of energy metabolism mediators in infants born at 32 or fewer weeks of gestation

Energy metabolism mediators, which include the adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin) and insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1], are hormone-like proteins, produced and expressed in the placenta and fetal membranes, with properties featuring metabolic adaptation and inflammatory processes. Due to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine 2023-12, Vol.36 (2), p.2290919-2290919
Main Authors: Petrova, Anna, Mehta, Rajeev
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adiponectin
Energy Metabolism
Female
Gestational Age
Ghrelin
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
Leptin
Male
Pregnancy
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Summary:Energy metabolism mediators, which include the adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin) and insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1], are hormone-like proteins, produced and expressed in the placenta and fetal membranes, with properties featuring metabolic adaptation and inflammatory processes. Due to the complexity of the metabolic adaptation of preterm neonates during the transition to extrauterine life, it becomes essential to recognize the factors that influence the alteration of the adipokines and IGF-1 levels in the early postpartum stage.This study assessed the significance of maternal-fetal-neonatal factors in predicting the levels of leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, and IGF-1 in preterm infants born at 32 or fewer weeks of gestation, during the early stage of postnatal adaptation. Energy metabolism mediator levels were measured in urine samples obtained from extremely (less than 28 weeks) and very (28-32 weeks) preterm infants, within 48 h after their birth, and before the initiation of enteral nutrition. The urine samples were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The collected data included all birth-related maternal and neonatal factors such as maternal age, race/ethnicity, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, diabetes, gravidity, parity, type of pregnancy, mode of delivery, and antenatal use of corticosteroids, antibiotics, magnesium sulfate, Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min, gestational age, and birth weight. We investigated the correlation between the levels of the tested mediators, the significance of the differences in their average levels based on the dichotomized maternal and neonatal factors, and the effect of the selected factors, in multiple regression models. Data from the regression models constructed for leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, and IGF-1 are presented as regression coefficient β with Standard Error (SE) of β, coefficient of determination (R ), and adjusted R . Before including the factor in regression models, we tested for the multicollinearity effect. Two-sided P values
ISSN:1476-7058
1476-4954
DOI:10.1080/14767058.2023.2290919