Relationships of Cognitive Measures with Cerebrospinal Fluid but Not Imaging Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease Vary between Black and White Individuals

Objective Biomarkers of Alzheimer disease vary between groups of self‐identified Black and White individuals in some studies. This study examined whether the relationships between biomarkers or between biomarkers and cognitive measures varied by racialized groups. Methods Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF),...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of neurology 2024-03, Vol.95 (3), p.495-506
Main Authors: Bonomi, Samuele, Lu, Ruijin, Schindler, Suzanne E., Bui, Quoc, Lah, James J., Wolk, David, Gleason, Carey E., Sperling, Reisa, Roberson, Erik D., Levey, Allan I., Shaw, Leslie, Van Hulle, Carol, Benzinger, Tammie, Adams, Morgann, Manzanares, Cecelia, Qiu, Deqiang, Hassenstab, Jason, Moulder, Krista L., Balls‐Berry, Joyce E., Johnson, Keith, Johnson, Sterling C., Murchison, Charles F., Luo, Jingqin, Gremminger, Emily, Agboola, Folasade, Grant, Elizabeth A., Hornbeck, Russ, Massoumzadeh, Parinaz, Keefe, Sarah, Dierker, Donna, Gray, Julia, Henson, Rachel L., Streitz, Marissa, Mechanic‐Hamilton, Dawn, Morris, John C., Xiong, Chengjie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Alzheimer Disease - cerebrospinal fluid
Alzheimer's disease
Amyloid beta-Peptides - cerebrospinal fluid
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - cerebrospinal fluid
Black or African American
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cognition
Cognitive ability
Cognitive Dysfunction - cerebrospinal fluid
Cognitive Dysfunction - diagnostic imaging
Correlation
Emission measurements
Humans
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Memory
Neurodegenerative diseases
Peptide Fragments - cerebrospinal fluid
Positron emission
Positron emission tomography
Tau protein
tau Proteins - cerebrospinal fluid
White
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Summary:Objective Biomarkers of Alzheimer disease vary between groups of self‐identified Black and White individuals in some studies. This study examined whether the relationships between biomarkers or between biomarkers and cognitive measures varied by racialized groups. Methods Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging measures were harmonized across four studies of memory and aging. Spearman correlations between biomarkers and between biomarkers and cognitive measures were calculated within each racialized group, then compared between groups by standard normal tests after Fisher's Z‐transformations. Results The harmonized dataset included at least one biomarker measurement from 495 Black and 2,600 White participants. The mean age was similar between racialized groups. However, Black participants were less likely to have cognitive impairment (28% vs 36%) and had less abnormality of some CSF biomarkers including CSF Aβ42/40, total tau, p‐tau181, and neurofilament light. CSF Aβ42/40 was negatively correlated with total tau and p‐tau181 in both groups, but at a smaller magnitude in Black individuals. CSF Aβ42/40, total tau, and p‐tau181 had weaker correlations with cognitive measures, especially episodic memory, in Black than White participants. Correlations of amyloid measures between CSF (Aβ42/40, Aβ42) and PET imaging were also weaker in Black than White participants. Importantly, no differences based on race were found in correlations between different imaging biomarkers, or in correlations between imaging biomarkers and cognitive measures. Interpretation Relationships between CSF biomarkers but not imaging biomarkers varied by racialized groups. Imaging biomarkers performed more consistently across racialized groups in associations with cognitive measures. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:495–506
ISSN:0364-5134
1531-8249
DOI:10.1002/ana.26838