Pediatric focal calvarial lesions: an illustrated review

Focal skull lesions in children can be diagnostically challenging with a wide variety of potential etiologies. Understanding the diverse pathologies and recognizing their associated clinical and imaging characteristics is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning. We review p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric radiology 2023-12, Vol.53 (13), p.2699-2711
Main Authors: McDermott, Tyler, Amarneh, Mohammad, Sato, Yutaka, Watal, Pankaj, Charmi, Vijapura, Fuortes, Michaelangelo, Faruqui, Sami, Sato, T. Shawn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asymptomatic
Autoimmune diseases
Bone Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Bone Diseases - etiology
Bones
Child
Congenital diseases
Connective tissue
Diagnosis
Etiology
Ewings sarcoma
Humans
Imaging
Lesions
Leukemia
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Medical imaging
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Metastasis
Neuroblastoma
Neuroradiology
Nuclear Medicine
Oncology
Pediatrics
Pictorial Essay
Radiology
Skull
Skull - anatomy & histology
Skull - diagnostic imaging
Skull - pathology
Sutures
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
Ultrasound
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Summary:Focal skull lesions in children can be diagnostically challenging with a wide variety of potential etiologies. Understanding the diverse pathologies and recognizing their associated clinical and imaging characteristics is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning. We review pertinent anatomy of the scalp and calvarium and review different pathologies that can present with focal skull lesions in pediatric patients. These include neoplastic, non-neoplastic tumor-like, congenital, post traumatic, and vascular-associated etiologies. We review the key clinical and imaging features associated with these pathologies and present teaching points to help make the correct diagnosis. It is important for radiologists to be aware of the common and rare etiologies of skull lesions as well as the clinical and imaging characteristics which can be used to develop an accurate differential to ensure a timely diagnosis and initiate appropriate management. Graphical abstract
ISSN:1432-1998
0301-0449
1432-1998
DOI:10.1007/s00247-023-05795-3