Development of a novel serological assay for the detection of mpox infection in vaccinated populations

In 2022 the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency for an outbreak of mpox, the zoonotic Orthopoxvirus (OPV) affecting at least 104 nonendemic locations worldwide. Serologic detection of mpox infection is problematic, however, due to considerable antigenic and serologic cross‐r...

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Published in:Journal of medical virology 2023-10, Vol.95 (10), p.e29134-n/a
Main Authors: Yates, Jennifer L., Hunt, Danielle T., Kulas, Karen E., Chave, Karen J., Styer, Linda, Chakravarthi, Sandhya T., Cai, Gianna Y., Bermúdez‐González, Maria C., Kleiner, Giulio, Altman, Deena, Srivastava, Komal, Simon, Viviana, Feihel, Dennis, McGowan, Joseph, Hogrefe, Wayne, Noone, Philip, Egan, Christina, Slifka, Mark K., Lee, William T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antibody
Asymptomatic Infections
Biological Assay
Cross Reactions
Humans
immunoassay
mpox
Mpox (monkeypox)
Orthopoxvirus
Retrospective Studies
serology
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Summary:In 2022 the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency for an outbreak of mpox, the zoonotic Orthopoxvirus (OPV) affecting at least 104 nonendemic locations worldwide. Serologic detection of mpox infection is problematic, however, due to considerable antigenic and serologic cross‐reactivity among OPVs and smallpox‐vaccinated individuals. In this report, we developed a high‐throughput multiplex microsphere immunoassay using a combination of mpox‐specific peptides and cross‐reactive OPV proteins that results in the specific serologic detection of mpox infection with 93% sensitivity and 98% specificity. The New York State Non‐Vaccinia Orthopoxvirus Microsphere Immunoassay is an important tool to detect subclinical mpox infection and understand the extent of mpox spread in the community through retrospective analysis.
ISSN:0146-6615
1096-9071
DOI:10.1002/jmv.29134