Insights into molecular aspects of pathogenesis and disease management in acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND): An updated review

Shrimp aquaculture is a rapidly growing sector that makes a significant economic contribution. However, the aquaculture industry is confronted with significant challenges, and infectious diseases, notably Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), have emerged as severe threat. AHPND is caused...

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Published in:Fish & shellfish immunology 2023-11, Vol.142, p.109138-109138, Article 109138
Main Authors: Chandran, Abhirami, Priya, P. Snega, Meenatchi, Ramu, Vaishnavi, S., Pavithra, V., Ajith Kumar, Thipramalai Thankappan, Arockiaraj, Jesu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute hepatopancreases necrosis disease
Aquaculture
Molecular pathway
Shrimp
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
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Summary:Shrimp aquaculture is a rapidly growing sector that makes a significant economic contribution. However, the aquaculture industry is confronted with significant challenges, and infectious diseases, notably Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND), have emerged as severe threat. AHPND is caused by pathogens carrying the pVA-1 plasmid, which expresses the PirAB toxin, and it has wreaked havoc in shrimp aquaculture, imposing substantial economic burdens. To address this issue, it is crucial to delve into shrimp's immune responses. Therefore, this comprehensive review offers an in-depth examination of AHPND outbreaks, encompassing various facets such as environmental factors, host susceptibility, and the mechanisms employed by the pathogens. Traditional approaches to combat AHPND, primarily relying on chemicals and antibiotics, have raised concerns related to antibiotic resistance and have demonstrated limited success in disease control. Hence this review spotlights recent advancements in molecular diagnostics, therapeutic agents, and research related to shrimp immunity. Understanding these developments is crucial in the ongoing battle against AHPND. In conclusion, this review underscores the pressing need to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of AHPND pathogenesis and emphasizes the importance of developing comprehensive and effective solutions to combat this devastating disease, which continues to threaten the sustainability of shrimp farming. [Display omitted] •Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) decreases aquaculture production.•AHPND is caused due to Pir A/Pir B toxin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.•Understanding the molecular pathogenesis is crucial for formulating therapeutics.•The recent investigation on diagnosis and treatment is reviewed comprehensively.•This review facilitates effective approach for disease management of AHPND.
ISSN:1050-4648
1095-9947
DOI:10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109138