Neonatal, Infant, and Child Mortality in India: Progress and Future Directions

In India, considerable progress has been made in reducing child mortality rates. Despite this achievement, wide disparities persist across and socio-economic strata, and persistent challenges, such as malnutrition, poor sanitation, and lack of clean water. This paper provides a comprehensive review...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Indian journal of pediatrics 2023-12, Vol.90 (Suppl 1), p.1-9
Main Authors: Wahl, Brian, Nama, Norah, Pandey, Raghukul Ratan, Garg, Tushar, Mishra, Aman Mohan, Srivastava, Swati, Ali, Sana, Verma, Shival Kishore, Erchick, Daniel J., Sauer, Molly, Venkatesh, U, Koparkar, Anil, Kishore, Surekha
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Child
Child Health
Child Mortality
Gynecology
Humans
India - epidemiology
Infant
Infant Mortality
Infant, Newborn
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Pediatrics
Review Article
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Summary:In India, considerable progress has been made in reducing child mortality rates. Despite this achievement, wide disparities persist across and socio-economic strata, and persistent challenges, such as malnutrition, poor sanitation, and lack of clean water. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state of child health in India, examining key risk factors and causes of child mortality, assessing the coverage of child health interventions, and highlighting critical public health programs and policies. The authors also discuss future directions and recommendations for bolstering ongoing efforts to improve child health. These include state- and region-specific interventions, prioritizing social determinants of health, strengthening data systems, leveraging existing programs like the National Health Mission (NHM) and Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY), and the proposed Public Health Management Cadre (PHMC). The authors argue that reducing child mortality requires not only scaled-up interventions but a comprehensive approach that addresses all dimensions of health, from social determinants to system strengthening.
ISSN:0019-5456
0973-7693
DOI:10.1007/s12098-023-04834-z