Moderating effects of impulsivity and morning cortisol on the genotype‐phenotype relationship of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in young adults

Dysregulation of the morning cortisol response in young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to underlie several of the alterations present in their lives. Thus, the interaction of this mechanism with genetic and behavioural characteristics could explain a large...

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Published in:Stress and health 2024-04, Vol.40 (2), p.e3308-n/a
Main Authors: Garzón Rodríguez, Nicolás, Briceño‐Balcázar, Ignacio, Díaz‐Barrera, Luis Eduardo, Nicolini, Humberto, Genis‐Mendoza, Alma D., Flores‐Lázaro, Julio César, Quiroz‐Padilla, María Fernanda
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ADHD
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - genetics
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Cortisol
Etiology
genetics
Genotype
Globulins
Hormones
Humans
Hydrocortisone
Impulsive behavior
Impulsive Behavior - physiology
Impulsivity
Phenotype
Phenotypes
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
Young Adult
Young adults
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Summary:Dysregulation of the morning cortisol response in young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to underlie several of the alterations present in their lives. Thus, the interaction of this mechanism with genetic and behavioural characteristics could explain a large proportion of the aetiology of ADHD in this population. For these reasons, the present study explores the associations of 30 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified as significant (after correction for multiple comparisons) in the aetiology of ADHD with an assessment of morning cortisol and impulsivity traits in a group of 120 adults aged 18–24 years. Participants were recruited through private centres of neuropsychology and psychiatry, as well as through events in local universities. Morning cortisol within 30 min of awakening and motor impulsivity traits were shown to moderate the effect of SNP rs10129500 on the severity of the symptoms of ADHD measured by the Adult Self‐Report Scale. This variant associated with cortisol‐binding globulin would explain the low concentrations of this hormone found in young adults with high symptoms of ADHD, which is accentuated when there are high levels of impulsivity. The proposed model allows for transferring the theoretical relationships between the dimensions that explain the aetiology of ADHD to an applied exploratory model with good performance.
ISSN:1532-3005
1532-2998
DOI:10.1002/smi.3308