The effects of low-level laser therapy and photodynamic therapy on oral health of fixed orthodontics patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis

•Photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows promise as a comparable alternative to conventional methods, such as mouthwash and ultrasonic scaling, in improving oral health.•The effectiveness of PDT in improving oral health is demonstrated through various measures, including periodontal indices (PI, GI, BOP, p...

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Published in:Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy 2023-12, Vol.44, p.103759-103759, Article 103759
Main Authors: Shafaee, Hooman, Asgari, Reyhane, Bardideh, Erfan, Rangrazi, Abdolrasoul, Sedigh, Sadaf, Kerayechian, Navid
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dental Scaling
Humans
Low level laser therapy
Low-Level Light Therapy - methods
Oral Health
Orthodontic
Orthodontics
Photobiomodulation
Photochemotherapy - methods
Photodynamic therapy
Photosensitizer
Photosensitizing Agents - therapeutic use
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Summary:•Photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows promise as a comparable alternative to conventional methods, such as mouthwash and ultrasonic scaling, in improving oral health.•The effectiveness of PDT in improving oral health is demonstrated through various measures, including periodontal indices (PI, GI, BOP, probing depth), concentration of inflammatory proteins (IL-1β, IL-6), number of bacterial colonies, and white spot lesions.•PDT offers advantages over other treatment methods by lacking the undesirable effects associated with them, making it a recommended alternative for orthodontic patients.•Limited evidence suggests that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) may be effective in enhancing oral health, specifically addressing caries issues in orthodontic patients. Objective To investigate the effect of low-level laser and photodynamic therapy on the oral health, and periodontal tissue of fixed orthodontic patients and the effect of using photobiomodulation methods compared to routine plaque removal methods and the amount of plaque in fixed orthodontic patients. Method and materials First, the title and summary of related articles were collected by using the search strategy electronic databases PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane's CENTRAL, Scopus, ISI and all the articles that were published from the beginning to February 2023 were evaluated. The title, abstracts and full texts of all the relevant studies were reviewed respectively, and those meeting the criteria were entered into our study. Finally, the quality of the studies was examined and the results of the studies were pooled by means of random effects inverse variance meta-analysis. Results Eighteen randomized studies, conducted between 2015 and December 2022, were selected for meta-analysis. Five studies were conducted as split-mouth, twelve as parallel-group, and one as a cross-over design. Among the studies, five examined the effects of low-level laser therapy and twelve assessed the effects of photodynamic therapy. The meta-analysis revealed that photodynamic therapy significantly reduced probing depth compared to scaling (MD=-0.2 mm, P
ISSN:1572-1000
1873-1597
DOI:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103759