Cytokines, chemokines, and cells growth factors in patients with mild to moderate SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A case‐control study

Several biomarkers have been evaluated as predictors of severity or in directing the treatment of COVID‐19, however there are no conclusive results. In this study, we evaluated serum levels of cytokines, chemokines, and cell growth factors in association with the pathobiology of mild to moderate SAR...

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Published in:Journal of medical virology 2023-08, Vol.95 (8), p.e29044-n/a
Main Authors: Gondim, Rafhaella N. D. G., Arruda, Erico Antônio Gomes, Neto, Roberto da Justa Pires, Medeiros, Melissa Soares, Quirino‐Filho, José, Clementino, Marco A., Magalhães, Lyvia Maria Vasconcelos Carneiro, Cavalcante, Karene Ferreira, Viana, Vânia Angelica Feitosa, Mello, Liana Perdigão, Carlos, Luciana M. B., Havt, Alexandre, Lima, Aldo A. M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anosmia
Biomarkers
Chemokines
chemokines inflammatory biomarkers
COVID-19
Cytokines
Growth factors
Infections
Inflammation
Interleukin 6
Myalgia
Pharyngitis
SARS‐CoV‐2
Serum levels
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Signs and symptoms
Viral diseases
Virology
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Summary:Several biomarkers have been evaluated as predictors of severity or in directing the treatment of COVID‐19, however there are no conclusive results. In this study, we evaluated serum levels of cytokines, chemokines, and cell growth factors in association with the pathobiology of mild to moderate SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Serum levels of SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients (n = 113) and flu symptoms individuals negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 (n = 58), tested by the RT‐qPCR test—nasal swab were compared to healthy controls (n = 53). Results showed that the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, MCP‐3, TNF‐α, and G‐CSF were increased in symptomatic patients and the cytokines IL‐6 and IL‐10 were associated with patients positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 when compared to healthy controls. Symptoms associated with COVID‐19 were fever, anosmia, ageusia, and myalgia. For patients without SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, their major symptom was sore throat. The pathobiology of mild to moderate SARS‐CoV‐2 infection was associated with increasing proinflammatory cytokines and a pleiotropic IL‐6 and anti‐inflammatory IL‐10 cytokines compared to healthy controls. Thus, knowledge about the pathophysiology and the involvement of biomarkers in the mild to moderate profile of the disease should be evaluated. Monitoring these biomarkers in patients with mild to moderate disease can help establish adequate treatment and prevention strategies for long‐term COVID‐19.
ISSN:0146-6615
1096-9071
DOI:10.1002/jmv.29044