Optimization of free air space to regulate bacterial succession and functions for alleviating gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting

[Display omitted] •FAS at 55% was more effective to regulate bacterial dynamics for gaseous emissions.•FAS increase enhanced air diffusion, thermal loss, and ammonium accumulation.•FAS increase limited anaerobes and thermophiles to reduce CH4 and NH3 emission.•FAS increase enriched Desulfitibacter a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioresource technology 2023-11, Vol.387, p.129682-129682, Article 129682
Main Authors: Zhang, Lanxia, Gao, Xingzu, Li, Yanming, Li, Guoxue, Luo, Wenhai, Xu, Zhicheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aerobic composting
Bacterial dynamics
Free air space regulation
Gaseous emission reduction
Kitchen waste treatment
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Summary:[Display omitted] •FAS at 55% was more effective to regulate bacterial dynamics for gaseous emissions.•FAS increase enhanced air diffusion, thermal loss, and ammonium accumulation.•FAS increase limited anaerobes and thermophiles to reduce CH4 and NH3 emission.•FAS increase enriched Desulfitibacter and Desulfobulbus to boost H2S emission.•FAS at 55% triggered nitrifiers and denitrifiers growth to enhance N2O emission. This study investigated the effects of free air space (FAS) (45%, 55%, 65%) on bacterial dynamics for gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting. Results show that FAS increase from 45% to 65% elevated oxygen diffusivity to inhibit bacteria for fermentation (e.g. Caldicoprobacter and Ruminofilibacter) to reduce methane emission by 51%. Moreover, the increased FAS accelerated heat loss to reduce temperature and the abundance of thermophiles (e.g. Thermobifida and Thermobacillus) for aerobic chemoheterotrophy to mitigate ammonia emission by 32%. Nevertheless, the reduced temperature induced the growth of Desulfitibacter and Desulfobulbus for sulfate/sulfite respiration to boost hydrogen sulphide emission. By contrast, FAS at 55% achieved the highest germination index and favored the proliferation of nitrifiers and denitrifiers (e.g. Roseiflexus and Steroidobacter) to improve nitrate availability, thus slightly enhancing nitrous oxide emission. Thus, FAS at 55% exhibits the optimal performance for gaseous emission reduction and maturity enhancement in kitchen waste composting.
ISSN:0960-8524
1873-2976
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129682