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Exposure to secondhand and thirdhand smoke in private vehicles: Measurements in air and dust samples
This study aimed to estimate airborne nicotine concentrations and nicotine, cotinine, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in settled dust from private cars in Spain and the UK. We measured vapor-phase nicotine concentrations in a convenience sample of 45 private cars from Spain (N = 30) and th...
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Published in: | Environmental research 2023-10, Vol.235, p.116681, Article 116681 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | This study aimed to estimate airborne nicotine concentrations and nicotine, cotinine, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) in settled dust from private cars in Spain and the UK.
We measured vapor-phase nicotine concentrations in a convenience sample of 45 private cars from Spain (N = 30) and the UK (N = 15) in 2017–2018. We recruited non-smoking drivers (n = 20), smoking drivers who do not smoke inside the car (n = 15), and smoking drivers who smoke inside (n = 10). Nicotine, cotinine, and three TSNAs (NNK, NNN, NNA) were also measured in settled dust in a random subsample (n = 20). We computed medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) of secondhand smoke (SHS) and thirdhand smoke (THS) compounds according to the drivers’ profile.
24-h samples yielded median airborne nicotine concentrations below the limit of quantification (LOQ) (IQR: |
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ISSN: | 0013-9351 1096-0953 1096-0953 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116681 |