Benefits of Short-term Premature Mortality Reduction Attributed to PM2.5 Pollution: A Case Study in Long an Province, Vietnam

PM 2.5 pollution exposure is the leading cause of disease burden globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries, including Vietnam. Therefore, economic damage in this context must be quantified. Long An province in the Southern Key Economic (SKE) region was selected as a research area. Thi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 2023-10, Vol.85 (3), p.245-262
Main Authors: Bui, Long Ta, Lai, Han Thi Ngoc, Nguyen, Phong Hoang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air quality
Cardiovascular diseases
Circulatory system
Dry season
Earth and Environmental Science
Economic impact
Economic models
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Exposure
Fatalities
Impact analysis
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Mortality
Particulate matter
Pollution
Pollution levels
Premature mortality
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory distress syndrome
Soil Science & Conservation
Weather forecasting
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Summary:PM 2.5 pollution exposure is the leading cause of disease burden globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries, including Vietnam. Therefore, economic damage in this context must be quantified. Long An province in the Southern Key Economic (SKE) region was selected as a research area. This study aimed to evaluate PM 2.5 -related human health effects causing early deaths attributable to respiratory, cardiovascular, and circulatory diseases in all ages and genders. Health end-points and health impact estimation, economic loss model, groups of PM 2.5 concentration data, data of exposed population, data of baseline premature mortality rate, and data of health impact functions were used. Hourly PM 2.5 concentration data sets were generated specifically using the coupled Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF)/Community Multiscale Air Quality Modelling System (CMAQ) models. Daily PM 2.5 pollution levels considered mainly in the dry season (from January to April 2018) resulted in 12.9 (95% CI − 0.6; 18.7) all-cause premature deaths per 100,000 population, of which 7.8 (95% CI 1.1; 7.1), 1.5 (95% CI − 0.2; 3.1), and 3.6 (95% CI − 1.5; 8.5) were due to respiratory diseases (RDs; 60.54%), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs; 11.81%), and circulatory system diseases (CSDs; 27.65%) per 100,000 population, respectively. The total economic losses due to acute PM 2.5 exposure-related premature mortality cases reached 62.0 (95% CI − 2.7; 89.6) billion VND, equivalent to 8.3 (95% CI − 0.4; 12.0) million USD. The study outcomes contributed remarkably to the generation and development of data sources for effectively managing ambient air quality in Long An.
ISSN:0090-4341
1432-0703
DOI:10.1007/s00244-023-01012-2